College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 34.408-100, Brazil; Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Umuarama Campus, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 34.408-100, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Mar 15;211:111955. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111955. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
Anthropogenic activities especially water pollution can affect the diversity and composition of microbial communities and promote the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, water samples and guppies (Poecilia reticulata) were sampled from six sampling sites along the Uberabinha River in southeastern Brazil, both microbial communities and ARGs of surface waters and intestinal microbiota of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) were detected. According to the results of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were dominant phyla in both water and intestinal microbiota, but the abundance of putative pathogens was higher at heavily polluted sites. Up to 83% of bacteria in intestinal microbiota originated from water microbiota; this proportion was relatively higher in less polluted compared to polluted environments. ARGs providing resistance of tetracyclines and quinolones were dominant in both water and gut microbiota. The relative abundances of class I integrons and ARGs were as high as 1.74 × 10/16S rRNA copies and 3.61 × 10/16S rRNA copies, respectively, at heavily polluted sites. Correlation analysis suggests that integrons and bacteria play key roles in explaining the widespread occurrence of ARGs in the surface, but not in intestinal microbiota. We could rule out the class I integrons a potential intermediary bridge for ARGs between both types of microbiomes. Our results highlight the tight link in microbial communities and ARGs between ambient microbiota of stream ecosystems and intestinal microbiota of fish. Our study could have far-reaching consequences for fisheries and consumer safety and calls for investigations of gut microbiota of target species of both commercial fisheries and recreational (hobby) angling.
人为活动，特别是水污染，会影响微生物群落的多样性和组成，并促进抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的传播。在本研究中，从巴西东南部 Uberabinha 河的六个采样点采集水样和孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata），检测了地表水和孔雀鱼肠道微生物群落中的 ARGs。根据 16S rRNA 扩增子测序结果，变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门是水体和肠道微生物群落中的优势门，但在污染严重的地点，假定病原体的丰度更高。肠道微生物群落中高达 83%的细菌源自水微生物群落；与污染环境相比，在污染较少的环境中，这种比例相对较高。在水体和肠道微生物群落中均以提供对四环素和喹诺酮类药物耐药的 ARGs 为主。在污染严重的地点，I 类整合子和 ARGs 的相对丰度高达 1.74×10/16S rRNA 拷贝和 3.61×10/16S rRNA 拷贝。相关性分析表明，整合子和细菌在解释 ARGs 在地表水而不是在肠道微生物群落中广泛存在方面发挥着关键作用。我们可以排除 I 类整合子作为 ARGs 在两种微生物群落之间传播的潜在中间桥梁。我们的研究结果突出了溪流生态系统环境微生物群落与鱼类肠道微生物群落之间的微生物群落和 ARGs 之间的紧密联系。我们的研究可能对渔业和消费者安全产生深远影响，并呼吁对商业渔业和娱乐性（业余）垂钓的目标物种的肠道微生物群落进行调查。
