Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ophthalmic Res. 2021;64(4):613-621. doi: 10.1159/000514722. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oxidative stress generated on account of hyperglycemic state may lead to retinal abnormalities including DR.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the status of antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), in different stages of DR severity in subjects with type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM).
The cross-sectional study enrolled 148 subjects with T1DM (n = 17), T2DM (n = 96), and nondiabetic controls (n = 35). Subjects with DM were divided into 2 subgroups based on DR severity (mild-to-severe nonproliferative DR [NPDR] and proliferative DR [PDR]), and serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, SOD, and CAT were estimated.
Both SOD and CAT levels were lower in diabetic subjects than nondiabetic controls. A significant positive correlation was found between HbA1C level and severity of DR (p < 0.0001). Levels of SOD and CAT varied significantly with DR severity in both diabetic groups at p < 0.05. Furthermore, levels of SOD and CAT were found to decrease significantly (p < 0.001) in DR (+) compared to DR (-) patients. Also, increased levels of HbA1c were significantly associated (p < 0.001) with decreased SOD in both subgroups (NPDR and PDR). DR severity was significantly associated with SOD and CAT in the NPDR and PDR subgroups (p < 0.05).
Oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defenses are associated with DR progression to its PDR stage.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病（DM）的一种威胁视力的并发症。高血糖状态下产生的氧化应激可能导致包括 DR 在内的视网膜异常。
本研究旨在评估 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者不同 DR 严重程度阶段的抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的状态。
这项横断面研究纳入了 148 名 T1DM 患者（n=17）、T2DM 患者（n=96）和非糖尿病对照者（n=35）。根据 DR 严重程度（轻度至重度非增殖性 DR [NPDR]和增殖性 DR [PDR]）将 DM 患者分为 2 个亚组，并评估血清糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血脂谱、SOD 和 CAT。
与非糖尿病对照组相比，糖尿病患者的 SOD 和 CAT 水平均较低。HbA1C 水平与 DR 严重程度呈显著正相关（p<0.0001）。在两个糖尿病组中，SOD 和 CAT 水平随着 DR 严重程度的变化而显著变化（p<0.05）。此外，与 DR（-）患者相比，DR（+）患者的 SOD 和 CAT 水平显著降低（p<0.001）。此外，HbA1c 水平升高与两个亚组（NPDR 和 PDR）中 SOD 降低显著相关（p<0.001）。NPDR 和 PDR 亚组中，DR 严重程度与 SOD 和 CAT 显著相关（p<0.05）。
氧化应激和抗氧化防御能力下降与 DR 进展为 PDR 阶段有关。
