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欧洲葡萄园中美叶蝉（菲奇）的防治：合成杀虫剂和天然杀虫剂的影响

The Control of the American Leafhopper (Fitch) in European Vineyards: Impact of Synthetic and Natural Insecticides.

作者信息

Tirello Paola, Marchesini Enrico, Gherardo Pamela, Raniero Damiano, Rossetto Filippo, Pozzebon Alberto, Duso Carlo

机构信息

Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Agripolis, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy.

AGREA S.r.l. Centro Studi, Via Garibaldi 5/16, San Giovanni Lupatoto (VR), 37057 Verona, Italy.

出版信息

Insects. 2021 Jan 20;12(2):85. doi: 10.3390/insects12020085.

DOI:10.3390/insects12020085
PMID:33498174
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7908998/
Abstract

The American leafhopper , detected in Europe in the early 2000s, has recently become a pest in North-Italian vineyards. Infestations were recorded in organic and conventional vineyards despite the application of insecticides targeting other pests. completes three generations per year, and the second generation is frequently associated with large populations. The selection of appropriate active ingredients and the timing of their application is crucial for effective pest control. Field trials were carried out in Northeastern Italy, using a randomized design, to evaluate the impact of insecticides applied against other grapevine leafhoppers on populations. The beginning of the second generation was selected as the best time for insecticide application. For natural products, two applications were planned. Among the selected insecticides, the most effective were acetamiprid, flupyradifurone and lambda-cyhalothrin. Regarding natural products, the most effective was kaolin which could represent an alternative to pyrethrins in organic vineyards. The identification of pest threshold levels and the evaluation of side effects of the most effective insecticides on key natural enemies occurring in vineyards are required.

摘要

美洲叶蝉于21世纪初在欧洲被发现，最近在意大利北部的葡萄园里成了一种害虫。尽管使用了针对其他害虫的杀虫剂，但在有机葡萄园和传统葡萄园中都有虫害记录。每年完成三代繁殖，第二代常常伴随着大量虫口。选择合适的活性成分及其施用时机对有效防治害虫至关重要。在意大利东北部进行了田间试验，采用随机设计，以评估针对其他葡萄叶蝉施用的杀虫剂对美洲叶蝉种群的影响。第二代开始时被选为施用杀虫剂的最佳时间。对于天然产物，计划进行两次施用。在所选用的杀虫剂中，最有效的是啶虫脒、氟吡呋喃酮和高效氯氟氰菊酯。对于天然产物，最有效的是高岭土，它可作为有机葡萄园中除虫菊酯的替代品。需要确定害虫阈值水平，并评估最有效杀虫剂对葡萄园主要天敌的副作用。

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