Medina-Pastor Paula, Triacchini Giuseppe
EFSA J. 2020 Apr 2;18(4):e06057. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6057. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Under EU legislation (Article 32, Regulation (EC) No 396/2005), EFSA provides an annual report which analyses pesticide residue levels in foods on the European market. The analysis is based on data from the official national control activities carried out by EU Member States, Iceland and Norway and includes a subset of data from the EU-coordinated control programme which uses a randomised sampling strategy. For 2018, 95.5% of the overall 91,015 samples analysed fell below the maximum residue level (MRL), 4.5% exceeded this level, of which 2.7% were non-compliant, i.e. samples exceeding the MRL after taking into account the measurement uncertainty. For the subset of 11,679 samples analysed as part of the EU-coordinated control programme, 1.4% exceeded the MRL and 0.9% were non-compliant. Table grapes and sweet peppers/bell peppers were among the food products that most frequently exceeded the MRLs. To assess acute and chronic risk to consumer health, dietary exposure to pesticide residues was estimated and compared with health-based guidance values. The findings suggest that the assessed levels for the food commodities analysed are unlikely to pose concern for consumer health. However, a number of recommendations are proposed to increase the efficiency of European control systems (e.g. optimising traceability), thereby continuing to ensure a high level of consumer protection.
根据欧盟法规（《欧洲共同体第396/2005号条例》第32条），欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）发布年度报告，分析欧洲市场上食品中的农药残留水平。该分析基于欧盟成员国、冰岛和挪威开展的官方国家监控活动数据，其中包括来自采用随机抽样策略的欧盟协调监控计划的部分数据。2018年，在分析的总计91,015个样本中，95.5%的样本低于最大残留限量（MRL），4.5%的样本超过该水平，其中2.7%不符合标准，即考虑测量不确定度后超过最大残留限量的样本。作为欧盟协调监控计划一部分进行分析的11,679个样本中，1.4%超过最大残留限量，0.9%不符合标准。鲜食葡萄和甜椒是最常超过最大残留限量的食品类别。为评估对消费者健康的急性和慢性风险，对农药残留的膳食暴露量进行了估算，并与基于健康的指导值进行了比较。结果表明，所分析食品商品的评估水平不太可能对消费者健康构成担忧。然而，提出了一些建议以提高欧洲监控系统的效率（例如优化可追溯性），从而继续确保高水平的消费者保护。
