Feás Xesús
Academy of Veterinary Sciences of Galicia, Edificio EGAP, Rúa Madrid, No. 2-4, 15707 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Jan 20;10(2):73. doi: 10.3390/biology10020073.
Epidemiology of fatalities in Spain due to hornet, wasp, and bee stings (Cause Code of Death: X23) is described. Over a 20-year period (1999-2018), a total of 78 fatalities were recorded, mostly occurring in males (85.9%), of 65 years and older (52.6%), at "unspecified places" (67.9%), and in the months of July and August (50%). The X23 mortality rates (X23) expressed in terms of annual rates and per million inhabitants, varied from 0.02 to 0.19 (mean value ± standard deviation = 0.09 ± 0.05), placing Spain at low levels in comparison with other countries. A more detailed and specific breakdown of the distribution of the yearly deaths at the sub-state level and across communities reveals some striking features. They were more concentrated in the communities of Galicia (35.8%), Andalucía (21.7%), and Castilla y León (12.8%). X23 were estimated in Galicia at 1.82, 1.10, and 2.22 in 2014, 2016, and 2018, respectively; and in Asturias at 1.88 and 0.97, in 2014 and 2017, respectively. The role of the invasive species (VV) is examined. Due to its habits, abundance, and broader distribution, the risk that VV represents to human health is unmatched by other Hymenoptera native species.
本文描述了西班牙黄蜂、胡蜂和蜜蜂蜇伤致死的流行病学情况（死亡原因编码：X23）。在20年期间（1999 - 2018年），共记录了78例死亡病例，主要发生在65岁及以上的男性（85.9%），地点为“未指明场所”（67.9%），且多发生在7月和8月（50%）。以年发病率和每百万居民计算的X23死亡率在0.02至0.19之间（平均值±标准差 = 0.09 ± 0.05），与其他国家相比，西班牙处于较低水平。对国家以下层面和各自治区每年死亡分布的更详细具体细分显示出一些显著特征。死亡病例更集中在加利西亚自治区（35.8%）、安达卢西亚自治区（21.7%）和卡斯蒂利亚 - 莱昂自治区（12.8%）。2014年、2016年和2018年加利西亚自治区的X23死亡率分别估计为1.82、1.10和2.22；阿斯图里亚斯自治区在2014年和2017年的X23死亡率分别为1.88和0.97。本文还研究了入侵物种（VV）的作用。由于其习性、数量和更广泛的分布，VV对人类健康构成的风险是其他本土膜翅目物种无法比拟的。
