Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Embiodiagnostics Biology Research Company, 71305 Heraklion, Greece.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 25;13(2):355. doi: 10.3390/nu13020355.
The current consensus for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is that high-quality diets and adherence to a healthy lifestyle provide significant health benefits. Remarkably, however, there is little agreement on the proportions of macronutrients in the diet that should be recommended to people suffering from pre-diabetes or T2DM. We herein discuss emerging evidence that underscores the importance of gene-diet interactions in the improvement of glycemic biomarkers in T2DM. We propose that we can achieve better glycemic control in T2DM patients by coupling Mediterranean diets to genetic information as a predictor for optimal diet macronutrient composition in a personalized manner. We provide evidence to support this concept by presenting a case study of a T2DM patient who achieved rapid glycemic control when adhered to a personalized, genetically-guided Mediterranean Diet.
目前,对于 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)的预防和管理,人们普遍认为高质量的饮食和健康的生活方式会带来显著的健康益处。然而,令人惊讶的是,对于患有糖尿病前期或 T2DM 的人,应该推荐什么样的饮食中宏量营养素比例,目前几乎没有达成共识。我们在此讨论了新出现的证据,这些证据强调了基因-饮食相互作用在改善 T2DM 患者血糖生物标志物方面的重要性。我们提出,我们可以通过将地中海饮食与遗传信息相结合,作为一种个性化的最佳饮食宏量营养素组成的预测因子,来实现 T2DM 患者更好的血糖控制。我们通过展示一个 T2DM 患者的案例研究来提供证据支持这一概念,该患者在遵循个性化的、基于遗传的地中海饮食时,血糖得到了快速控制。