Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis.
Personal Disord. 2022 Jan;13(1):30-40. doi: 10.1037/per0000434. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
Research on the relationship between normal-range personality and cognitive aging has demonstrated consistent, modest effects. The current investigation increases our understanding of unhealthy cognitive aging by testing whether personality disorders (PDs), specifically borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive PDs, show prospective associations with the onset of cognitive problems. Interpersonal stressful life events and social support were expected to mediate these relationships. The current investigation used data from 2 longitudinal studies of older adulthood: the Alzheimer's disease Research Center cohort (ADRC, N = 434, Mage = 69.95, 56% women) and the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network study (SPAN, N = 1,058, Mage = 65.92, 54% women). The ADRC study administered a battery of neuropsychological tests to assess cognitive ability/memory. Borderline PD was measured with a composite from the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. The SPAN study administered self-, informant, and interview measures of the three PDs; a free-recall task; and an informant report measure of cognitive problems. Borderline PD features exhibited cross-sectional correlations with memory (ADRC: r = -.11; SPAN: all rs = -.08), general cognitive ability (ADRC: r = -.11), and informant-reported cognitive problems (rs ranged from .15 to .39). Most importantly, borderline PD features predicted an increase in informant-reported cognitive problems in SPAN participants (standardized bs = .13 and .15) over a 2-year period, but they did not predict a deterioration in the performance-based cognitive measures in either study. Avoidant and obsessive-compulsive PDs exhibited little association with cognitive aging. Neither interpersonal variable mediated any of these effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
正常范围人格与认知老化关系的研究表明，两者之间存在一致且适度的影响。本研究通过测试边缘型、回避型和强迫型人格障碍等人格障碍是否与认知问题的发生存在前瞻性关联，从而增加了我们对不健康认知老化的理解。人际压力生活事件和社会支持预计将调节这些关系。本研究使用了两项关于老年成年人的纵向研究的数据：阿尔茨海默病研究中心队列（ADRC，N=434，Mage=69.95，56%女性）和圣路易斯人格与衰老网络研究（SPAN，N=1058，Mage=65.92，54%女性）。ADRC 研究采用了一系列神经心理学测试来评估认知能力/记忆力。边缘型人格障碍采用 NEO 五因素量表的综合指标进行测量。SPAN 研究采用了自我报告、知情者报告和访谈三种人格障碍的测量方法；自由回忆任务；以及知情者报告的认知问题测量方法。边缘型人格障碍特征与记忆（ADRC：r=-.11；SPAN：所有 rs=-.08）、一般认知能力（ADRC：r=-.11）和知情者报告的认知问题（rs 范围从.15 到.39）呈横断面相关。最重要的是，在 SPAN 参与者中，边缘型人格障碍特征预测了 2 年内知情者报告的认知问题的增加（标准化 bs=.13 和.15），但它们并没有预测到两项研究中基于表现的认知测量的恶化。回避型和强迫型人格障碍与认知老化几乎没有关联。这两种人际变量都没有调节这些效应。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
