Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera-Damm", Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico.
Facultad de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 28;16(1):e0245701. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245701. eCollection 2021.
The seroepidemiology of infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in alcohol consumers is largely undeveloped. In light of this, we sought to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in alcohol consumers in Durango, Mexico, and the association of T. gondii seroprevalence with characteristics of the population studied. Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were searched in sera of participants using commercially available enzyme immunoassays. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were then used to determine the association between T. gondii infection and the characteristics of the population studied. Of the 1544 people studied (mean age: 39.4±14.0 years), 173 (11.2%) tested positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. We were able to test 167 of the 173 anti-T. gondii IgG positive sera for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Fifty-five (32.9%) of these 167 serum samples were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Bivariate analysis showed that visual impairment, history of surgery, and hepatitis were negatively associated with T. gondii IgG seropositivity (P<0.05). In women, seropositivity to T. gondii was positively associated with a history of pregnancy (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was associated with the variables consumption of armadillo meat (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.04-5.22; P = 0.03), and the use of latrines for elimination of excretes (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.07-4.80; P = 0.03); and high (>150 IU/ml) anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were associated with consumption of both armadillo meat (OR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.01-5.02; P = 0.04) and crowding at home (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02-2.61; P = 0.03). We found a distinct T. gondii seroprevalence in people with alcohol consumption from those previously found in population groups in the region. This is the first study that illustrates the association between high anti-T. gondii antibodies and crowding in Mexico, and the second study on the association between T. gondii infection and consumption of armadillo meat and the use of latrines in this country. We conclude that epidemiology of T. gondii infection in people with alcohol consumption deserves further investigation.
酒精消费者感染弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii，T. gondii）的血清流行病学研究尚不完善。有鉴于此，我们旨在确定墨西哥杜兰戈州酒精消费者中 T. gondii 感染的血清流行率，并确定 T. gondii 血清流行率与所研究人群特征之间的关系。使用商业上可用的酶联免疫吸附试验（enzyme immunoassay，EIA）检测参与者血清中的抗 T. gondii IgG 和 IgM 抗体。然后进行双变量和逻辑回归分析，以确定 T. gondii 感染与所研究人群特征之间的关系。在 1544 名研究对象（平均年龄：39.4±14.0 岁）中，173 名（11.2%）抗 T. gondii IgG 抗体检测呈阳性。我们能够对 173 份抗 T. gondii IgG 阳性血清中的 167 份进行抗 T. gondii IgM 抗体检测。其中 55 份（32.9%）血清样本抗 T. gondii IgM 抗体呈阳性。双变量分析表明，视力障碍、手术史和肝炎与 T. gondii IgG 血清阳性呈负相关（P<0.05）。在女性中，T. gondii 血清阳性与妊娠史呈正相关（P<0.05）。逻辑回归分析表明，T. gondii 血清阳性与食用犰狳肉（OR=2.33；95%CI：1.04-5.22；P=0.03）和使用厕所排泄（OR=2.27；95%CI：1.07-4.80；P=0.03）两个变量有关；而高（>150 IU/ml）抗 T. gondii IgG 抗体与食用犰狳肉（OR=2.25；95%CI：1.01-5.02；P=0.04）和家庭拥挤（OR=1.63；95%CI：1.02-2.61；P=0.03）均有关。我们发现，与该地区以前报道的人群相比，饮酒人群中 T. gondii 的血清流行率明显不同。这是首次表明墨西哥高抗 T. gondii 抗体与拥挤之间存在关联的研究，也是该国首次报道 T. gondii 感染与食用犰狳肉和使用厕所之间存在关联的研究。我们得出结论，酒精消费者的 T. gondii 感染流行病学值得进一步研究。
