Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SBRAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 28;16(1):e0244228. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244228. eCollection 2021.
The Central Siberian Plateau was the last geographic area in Eurasia to become habitable by modern humans after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Through a comprehensive dataset of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes retained in the remnats of earlier ("Old") Siberians, primarily the Ket, Tofalar, and Todzhi, we explored genetic links between the Yenisei-Sayan region and Northeast Eurasia (best represented by the Yukaghir) over the last 10,000 years. We generated 218 new complete mtDNA sequences and placed them into compound phylogenies with 7 newly obtained and 70 published ancient mitochondrial genomes. We have considerably extended the mtDNA sequence diversity (at the entire mtDNA genome level) of autochthonous Siberians, which remain poorly sampled, and these new data may have a broad impact on the study of human migration. We compared present-day mtDNA diversity in these groups with complete mitochondrial genomes from ancient samples from the region and placed the samples into combined genealogical trees. The resulting components were used to clarify the origins and expansion history of mtDNA lineages that evolved in the refugia of south-central Siberia and beyond, as well as multiple phases of connection between this region and distant parts of Eurasia.
中央西伯利亚高原是末次冰盛期（LGM）后欧亚大陆最后一个可供现代人居住的地理区域。通过对保存在早期（“旧石器时代”）西伯利亚人遗骸中的线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）基因组的综合数据集的研究，主要是Ket、Tofalar 和 Todzhi，我们探索了过去 10000 年来叶尼塞-萨彦地区与东北欧亚大陆（以尤卡吉尔人代表）之间的遗传联系。我们生成了 218 个新的完整 mtDNA 序列，并将它们与 7 个新获得的和 70 个已发表的古代线粒体基因组一起放入复合系统发育树中。我们极大地扩展了当地西伯利亚人的 mtDNA 序列多样性（在整个 mtDNA 基因组水平上），这些人仍然很少被采样，这些新数据可能对人类迁移的研究产生广泛影响。我们将这些群体的当代 mtDNA 多样性与该地区古代样本的完整线粒体基因组进行了比较，并将样本放入组合系统发育树中。所得组件用于阐明在中南部西伯利亚及其他地区避难所中进化的 mtDNA 谱系的起源和扩张历史，以及该地区与欧亚大陆遥远地区之间的多个连接阶段。
