最早的牧马人以及早期青铜时代草原扩张对亚洲的影响。
The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia.
机构信息
Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.
出版信息
Science. 2018 Jun 29;360(6396). doi: 10.1126/science.aar7711. Epub 2018 May 9.
The Yamnaya expansions from the western steppe into Europe and Asia during the Early Bronze Age (~3000 BCE) are believed to have brought with them Indo-European languages and possibly horse husbandry. We analyzed 74 ancient whole-genome sequences from across Inner Asia and Anatolia and show that the Botai people associated with the earliest horse husbandry derived from a hunter-gatherer population deeply diverged from the Yamnaya. Our results also suggest distinct migrations bringing West Eurasian ancestry into South Asia before and after, but not at the time of, Yamnaya culture. We find no evidence of steppe ancestry in Bronze Age Anatolia from when Indo-European languages are attested there. Thus, in contrast to Europe, Early Bronze Age Yamnaya-related migrations had limited direct genetic impact in Asia.
在青铜时代早期（公元前 3000 年左右），来自西部草原的雅利安人扩张进入欧洲和亚洲，他们带来了印欧语系和可能的马饲养业。我们分析了来自内亚和安纳托利亚的 74 个古代全基因组序列，结果表明，与最早的马饲养业有关的博泰人来自一个与雅利安人深度分化的狩猎采集人群。我们的研究结果还表明，在雅利安人文化之前和之后，但不是在其时期，有不同的迁徙将西方欧亚大陆的祖先带入南亚。我们没有发现青铜时代安纳托利亚有草原祖先的证据，而在那里已经有印欧语系的证据。因此，与欧洲不同，青铜时代早期与雅利安人有关的迁徙对亚洲的直接遗传影响有限。
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