Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Social Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 28;16(1):e0245782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245782. eCollection 2021.
The association between maternal diet during pregnancy and allergy in offspring remains contentious. Here, we examined the association between maternal intake of vegetables and related nutrients during pregnancy and allergic diseases in offspring at one year of age. A cohort of 80,270 pregnant women enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children's Study were asked to respond to a food frequency questionnaire during pregnancy and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire at one year postpartum. The women were categorized into quintiles according to the energy-adjusted maternal intake of vegetables and related nutrients. Using the categorizations as exposure variables, the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined for the allergic outcomes, including asthma, wheeze, atopic dermatitis, eczema, and food allergy, in the offspring per quintile at one year of age. Of the 80,270 participants, 2,027 (2.5%), 15,617 (19.6%), 3,477 (4.3%), 14,929 (18.7%), 13,801 (17.2%), and 25,028 (31.3%) children experienced asthma, wheeze, atopic dermatitis, eczema, food allergy, and some form of allergic disease, respectively. The aORs of each quintile of maternal vegetable intake for all allergic outcomes were close to 1.0 compared to the lowest quintile. The lowest aOR was found in the association of maternal cruciferous vegetable intake with asthma (aOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70-0.96) and highest was found in the association of maternal total vegetable intake with atopic dermatitis (aOR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04-1.31). The risk of allergic outcomes for the various nutrients related to vegetable consumption was close to 1.0. The maternal intake of vegetables and various related nutrients during pregnancy had little or no association with any of the allergic outcomes, including asthma, wheezing, atopic dermatitis, eczema, and food allergy, in offspring at one year.
母亲在怀孕期间的饮食与后代过敏之间的关联仍然存在争议。在这里，我们研究了母亲在怀孕期间摄入蔬菜和相关营养素与 1 岁时后代过敏疾病之间的关系。在日本环境与儿童研究中，有 80270 名孕妇被招募参加该队列研究，并在怀孕期间和产后 1 年填写国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究问卷。这些孕妇根据蔬菜和相关营养素的能量调整后摄入量被分为五组。使用分类作为暴露变量，确定了每一组别与 1 岁时后代发生哮喘、喘息、特应性皮炎、湿疹和食物过敏等过敏结局的比值比（aOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。在 80270 名参与者中，2027 名（2.5%）、15617 名（19.6%）、3477 名（4.3%）、14929 名（18.7%）、13801 名（17.2%）和 25028 名（31.3%）儿童分别经历了哮喘、喘息、特应性皮炎、湿疹、食物过敏和某种形式的过敏疾病。与最低五分位数相比，母亲蔬菜摄入量每增加一个五分位数的所有过敏结局的 aOR 均接近 1.0。母亲十字花科蔬菜摄入量与哮喘之间的最低 aOR 为 0.82（95%CI：0.70-0.96），而母亲总蔬菜摄入量与特应性皮炎之间的最高 aOR 为 1.17（95%CI：1.04-1.31）。与蔬菜消费相关的各种营养素与过敏结局的相关性接近 1.0。孕妇在怀孕期间摄入蔬菜和各种相关营养素与后代在 1 岁时发生的任何过敏结局（包括哮喘、喘息、特应性皮炎、湿疹和食物过敏）几乎没有关联或没有关联。
