Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression. Faculty of Teaching Training. University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071. Cáceres Spain.
Departament of Integrated Didactics. Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Science. University of Huelva, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas, S/N, 21007. Huelva Spain.
Physiol Behav. 2021 Apr 1;232:113340. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113340. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
Previous studies have identified sedentary behaviour, physical activity and eating habits as variables that define a healthy lifestyle. The aims of this investigation were to determine the association between lifestyle and body dissatisfaction, as well as to test the mediating effect of fatness and fitness in this relationship in adolescents.
The sample comprised 2216 adolescents aged 13.1 ± 0.90 years, of whom 980 were girls (age 13.1 ± 0.86) and 1236 were boys (age 13.1 ± 0.92). Body composition was measured by body mass index, neck circumference, waist to height ratio and body fat percentage, whereas physical activity, sedentary time, body dissatisfaction and eating habits were self-reported. Physical fitness was evaluated through the ALPHA-Fitness Battery.
The results showed that lifestyle was negatively related with body dissatisfaction. Moreover, physical fitness (β = -0.062; SE = 0.022; 95% IC [-0.106, -0.017]) and fatness (β = -0.052; SE = 0.011; 95% IC [-0.075, -0.032]) showed a significant mediation effect on the relationship between lifestyle and body dissatisfaction. The bootstrapped confidence intervals for the indirect effect were statistically significant, suggesting the mediation effect of fatness (percentage of the total effect of 51.0%) and fitness (percentage of the total effect of 21.3%) on the relationship between healthy lifestyle and body dissatisfaction.
The study suggests that adolescents with a healthy lifestyle may have less body dissatisfaction. Fatness and physical fitness can positively affect this relationship, decreasing young people's body dissatisfaction. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of a healthy lifestyle on physical and psychological health in adolescence.
先前的研究已经确定了久坐行为、身体活动和饮食习惯是定义健康生活方式的变量。本研究旨在确定生活方式与身体不满之间的关系，并测试肥胖和健康在这种关系中的中介作用。
样本由 2216 名年龄为 13.1±0.90 岁的青少年组成，其中 980 名女孩（年龄 13.1±0.86），1236 名男孩（年龄 13.1±0.92）。通过体重指数、颈围、腰高比和体脂百分比来测量身体成分，而身体活动、久坐时间、身体不满和饮食习惯则通过自我报告来评估。通过 ALPHA-Fitness 电池评估身体适应性。
结果表明，生活方式与身体不满呈负相关。此外，身体适应性（β=-0.062；SE=0.022；95%CI [-0.106，-0.017]）和肥胖程度（β=-0.052；SE=0.011；95%CI [-0.075，-0.032]）对生活方式与身体不满之间的关系有显著的中介作用。间接效应的 bootstrap 置信区间具有统计学意义，表明肥胖（总效应的 51.0%）和适应性（总效应的 21.3%）对健康生活方式与身体不满之间关系的中介作用。
研究表明，生活方式健康的青少年可能身体不满程度较低。肥胖和身体适应性可以积极影响这种关系，减少年轻人的身体不满。因此，本研究强调了健康生活方式对青少年身心健康的重要性。
