Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France.
Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular e Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cell Tissue Res. 2021 Jan;383(1):165-175. doi: 10.1007/s00441-020-03396-2. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Honeybees are extensively used to study olfactory learning and memory processes thanks to their ability to discriminate and remember odors and because of their advantages for optophysiological recordings of the circuits involved in memory and odor perception. There are evidences that the encoding of odors in areas of primary sensory processing is not rigid, but undergoes changes caused by olfactory experience. The biological meaning of these changes is focus of intense discussions. Along this review, we present evidences of plasticity related to different forms of learning and discuss its function in the context of olfactory challenges that honeybees have to solve. So far, results in honeybees are consistent with a model in which changes in early olfactory processing contributes to the ability of an animal to recognize the presence of relevant odors and facilitates the discrimination of odors in a way adjusted to its own experience.
由于蜜蜂具有辨别和记忆气味的能力，并且便于对参与记忆和气味感知的回路进行光生理记录，因此被广泛用于研究嗅觉学习和记忆过程。有证据表明，初级感觉处理区域中气味的编码不是固定的，而是会因嗅觉经验而发生变化。这些变化的生物学意义是激烈讨论的焦点。在这篇综述中，我们提出了与不同形式的学习相关的可塑性证据，并讨论了它在蜜蜂必须解决的嗅觉挑战背景下的功能。到目前为止，在蜜蜂中得到的结果与这样一种模型一致，即早期嗅觉处理的变化有助于动物识别相关气味的存在，并以与其自身经验相适应的方式促进气味的辨别。
