Mårtensson Ulrika, Jenholt Nolbris Margaretha, Mellgren Karin, Wijk Helle, Nilsson Stefan
Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2021 Dec;35(4):1352-1361. doi: 10.1111/scs.12957. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Cancer treatments may induce side effects and cause eating problems. A gastrostomy tube may be required in order to maintain and optimise the child's nutritional needs. Despite the use of a gastrostomy tube, it is important to maintain a natural and attractive mealtime for the child. The Five Aspect Meal Model is age neutral and originally designed to improve restaurant visits. Its five aspects conceptualise what is necessary to ensure a complete meal experience. To date, there is lack of knowledge to guided model development about mealtimes adapted to children and limited knowledge regarding mealtime experiences for children with a gastrostomy tube.
The aim was to investigate whether the Five Aspect Meal Model could be appropriate to be used for children with a gastrostomy tube in caring science and paediatric care.
The design followed steps retrieved from Renjith and colleagues. Seven interviews were performed with the Five Aspect Meal Model as a base in the interview guide. The transcripts were analysed by using a qualitative directed content analysis with a deductive approach, which finally passed into a more inductive one.
All aspects of the Five Aspect Meal Model were represented in the interviews. There were also experiences related to the gastrostomy tube and the mealtimes that did not fit into any of the five predetermined categories. As a result, the modified version was developed, an adapted prescribing practice model that includes seven aspects, whereof bodily discomfort and time for change and acceptance are specific to children with a gastrostomy tube.
Based on children and their parent's experiences, the Five Aspect Meal Model has been developed and adapted into a modified version, which includes seven aspects. The modified version seems to be appropriate to use within caring science and paediatric care.
癌症治疗可能会引发副作用并导致饮食问题。可能需要置入胃造口管以维持并优化儿童的营养需求。尽管使用了胃造口管，但为孩子保持自然且有吸引力的用餐时间很重要。五方面用餐模式不受年龄限制，最初是为改善外出就餐体验而设计的。其五个方面概括了确保完整用餐体验所需的要素。迄今为止，缺乏关于适合儿童用餐时间的指导模型开发的知识，且对于有胃造口管儿童的用餐体验了解有限。
目的是调查五方面用餐模式是否适合在护理科学和儿科护理中用于有胃造口管的儿童。
该设计遵循了伦吉斯及其同事提出的步骤。以五方面用餐模式为访谈指南基础进行了七次访谈。通过使用定性定向内容分析法并采用演绎法对访谈记录进行分析，最终转变为更具归纳性的方法。
访谈中体现了五方面用餐模式的所有方面。也有与胃造口管和用餐时间相关的体验，这些体验并不符合五个预定类别中的任何一个。因此，开发了修改版，即一种适应性处方实践模型，包括七个方面，其中身体不适以及改变和接受的时间是有胃造口管儿童所特有的。
基于儿童及其父母的经验，五方面用餐模式已被开发并改编为修改版，其中包括七个方面。修改版似乎适合在护理科学和儿科护理中使用。
