Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
Department of Agricultural Management, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 20;770:144449. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144449. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
Biofuel generation from local biomass resources can significantly contribute to greenhouse gas mitigation and cleaner energy production. In this regard, a hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach was employed to prioritize appropriate biomass resources for biofuel production. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS), and Weighted Aggregates Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) were the employed MCDM approaches. Subsequently, ranking aggregation methods, i.e., Borda, Copeland, and Rank Mean, were applied to integrate the rankings obtained from the MCDM approaches. Guilan province of Iran was selected as a case study based on its promising potential for biofuel production from first-, second-, and third-generation biofuel resources. Initially, through an in-depth review of the literature and the use of academic professors' expert opinions, ten criteria were selected as the evaluation indices of the study: 1) creating technical side jobs, 2) preserving non-renewable energy resources, 3) relative advantage of biofuel production, 4) complexity of biofuel production process, 5) cost of the biomass conversion process, 6) biomass reusability, 7) cost of biomass supply, 8) environmental impacts of biomass accumulation, 9) adaptability of the biofuel production process to the size of biomass production units and the attitude and knowledge of the producers, and 10) energy self-sufficiency of the biomass producer. Moreover, the 11 investigated potential sources of biofuel production were rice, peanut, livestock and poultry wastes, rice waste, peanut waste, tea residues and its processing wastes, olive residues and its processing wastes, livestock and poultry slaughter and farm-raised fish wastes, municipal solid waste and sewage, forest and wood farming wastes, algae and Azolla. The results indicated that "municipal solid wastes and sewage", "forest and wood farming wastes" and "livestock and poultry wastes" from the second-generation biofuels were identified as the most important biomass resources in the studied area.
利用本地生物质资源生产生物燃料可以显著减少温室气体排放，促进清洁能源生产。在这方面，采用了混合多准则决策分析（MCDM）方法来优先考虑适合生物燃料生产的生物质资源。所采用的 MCDM 方法包括逼近理想解的排序方法（TOPSIS）、加法比率评估（ARAS）和加权聚合和乘积评估（WASPAS）。随后，使用排名聚合方法，即博尔达、科普兰和排名均值，将从 MCDM 方法获得的排名进行整合。伊朗吉兰省被选为案例研究的对象，因为该省具有从第一代、第二代和第三代生物燃料资源中生产生物燃料的巨大潜力。首先，通过深入研究文献和利用学术教授的专家意见，选择了十个标准作为研究的评价指标：1）创造技术附加工作岗位，2）保护不可再生能源，3）生物燃料生产的相对优势，4）生物燃料生产过程的复杂性，5）生物质转化过程的成本，6）生物质的再利用，7）生物质供应的成本，8）生物质积累的环境影响，9）生物燃料生产过程对生物质生产单位规模和生产者态度和知识的适应性，10）生物质生产者的能源自给自足。此外，还研究了 11 种潜在的生物燃料生产来源，包括水稻、花生、牲畜和家禽废物、稻壳、花生壳、茶渣及其加工废物、橄榄渣及其加工废物、牲畜和家禽屠宰及养殖鱼类废物、城市固体废物和污水、森林和木材农业废物、藻类和满江红。结果表明，第二代生物燃料中的“城市固体废物和污水”、“森林和木材农业废物”和“牲畜和家禽废物”被确定为研究区域内最重要的生物质资源。
