Polaris Applied Sciences, Inc., United States of America.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Mar;164:111983. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111983. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill affected nearly 1105 km of coastal marsh. Long-term shoreline loss in the northern Gulf of Mexico is an important question with far-reaching ecological and human-use implications. Numerous studies have examined potential exacerbated marsh shoreline retreat after the DWH using ground-level sampling and/or aerial/satellite imagery interpretation. This paper reviews previous DWH erosion studies, discusses their limitations and sometimes conflicting results, and provides a comprehensive analysis of a larger data set. Shoreline retreat measurements from multiple studies following the DWH incident were combined for 131 herbaceous marsh sample sites for the period from Fall 2010 to Summer 2015. Significant increases in shoreline loss were found only in the period from Fall 2010 to Fall 2011 for heavily oiled shorelines relative to other periods. The evidence does not suggest widespread long-term coastal marsh erosion from the DWH.
2010 年深海地平线（DWH）溢油事件影响了近 1105 公里的沿海湿地。墨西哥湾北部长期的海岸线损失是一个重要的问题，具有深远的生态和人类用途影响。许多研究已经使用地面采样和/或航空/卫星图像解释，检查了 DWH 之后潜在的加剧的湿地海岸线后退。本文回顾了之前的 DWH 侵蚀研究，讨论了它们的局限性和有时相互矛盾的结果，并对更大数据集进行了综合分析。对 DWH 事件发生后多个研究的海岸线后退测量数据进行了组合，对 131 个草本湿地样本站点进行了分析，时间跨度为 2010 年秋季至 2015 年夏季。仅在 2010 年秋季至 2011 年秋季期间，与其他时期相比，重度油污的海岸线的海岸线后退幅度显著增加。证据并不表明 DWH 导致了广泛的长期沿海湿地侵蚀。
