Kähkönen Kaisa, Sandell Mari, Rönkä Anna, Hujo Mika, Nuutinen Outi
Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Foods. 2021 Jan 27;10(2):261. doi: 10.3390/foods10020261.
Children's preference for fruit and vegetables must emerge during childhood. At children's homes, mothers and fathers influence children's developing food preferences with their own preferences and actions. The purpose of the study was to reveal the association parents have with their children's fruit and vegetable preferences. The study was conducted in a sample of Finnish mothers and fathers of 3-5-year-old children. The participants were recruited, and questionnaires distributed through early childhood education and care centers in 2014 and 2015. The results showed considerable variance in the children's preferences, and were more similar with their father's, than their mother's preference. There was an association between mother's and children's preference for "strong-tasting vegetables and berries" ( = 0.005), "sweet-tasting fruit" ( < 0.001) and "common vegetables" ( = 0.037). Fathers preferences associated with children's preferences for "strong-tasting vegetables and berries" ( = 0.003). Food neophobia decreased children's "strong-tasting vegetables and berries" ( < 0.001) and "sweet-tasting fruit" ( < 0.001) preferences. The father's more relaxed attitude towards eating decreased children's preferences for "strong-tasting vegetables and berries" ( = 0.031) and "sweet-tasting fruit" ( = 0.003). These findings indicate a need for more targeted strategies for increasing children's preferences for fruit and vegetables and highlight the importance of taking both parents equally into account.
儿童对水果和蔬菜的偏好必定在童年时期形成。在儿童的家庭中，父母会通过自身的偏好和行为影响孩子正在形成的食物偏好。本研究的目的是揭示父母与孩子对水果和蔬菜偏好之间的关联。该研究以芬兰3至5岁儿童的父母为样本展开。2014年和2015年，研究参与者通过幼儿教育和护理中心招募而来，并分发了调查问卷。结果显示，孩子们的偏好存在相当大的差异，且与父亲的偏好比与母亲的偏好更为相似。母亲与孩子在“味道浓烈的蔬菜和浆果”（=0.005）、“甜味水果”（<0.001）和“常见蔬菜”（=0.037）的偏好上存在关联。父亲的偏好与孩子对“味道浓烈的蔬菜和浆果”（=0.003）的偏好有关。食物恐新症降低了孩子对“味道浓烈的蔬菜和浆果”（<0.001）和“甜味水果”（<0.001）的偏好。父亲对饮食更宽松的态度降低了孩子对“味道浓烈的蔬菜和浆果”（=0.031）和“甜味水果”（=0.003）的偏好。这些发现表明需要制定更具针对性的策略来提高儿童对水果和蔬菜的偏好，并强调了平等考虑父母双方的重要性。
