Lawson W B, Waldman I N, Weinberger D R
Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, DC 20032.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1988 Apr;176(4):207-12.
Twenty-seven chronic schizophrenic patients and nine other psychiatric patients closely matched in education were compared on the Halstead-Reitan Battery and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). The schizophrenic patients as a group showed significantly poorer performance on the WAIS (full scale: X +/- SD, 92.9 +/- 2.9 vs. 110.8 +/- 2.1, p less than .002) and the Halstead-Reitan Battery (HRB; Average Impairment Range = 2.1 +/- .2 vs. 1.12 +/- .06, p less than .003). In addition the schizophrenic patients did significantly worse than did nonschizophrenic patients on all WAIS subtests and scored in the impaired range on most HRB subtests. Computed axial tomography scans revealed large ventricles on nine schizophrenic patients and cortical atrophy on three others. Among schizophrenics, the enlarged ventricle group consistently scored the worst. No relationship was seen between neuropsychological test performance and degree of ongoing psychopathology as measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. These findings are consistent with previous reports of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and are discussed in terms of regional localization. They provide additional evidence that the impairment is related to the disease process and that structural abnormalities are associated with the more severe condition.
对27名慢性精神分裂症患者和9名在受教育程度上与之紧密匹配的其他精神疾病患者进行了霍尔斯特德-赖坦成套神经心理测验（Halstead-Reitan Battery）和韦克斯勒成人智力量表（WAIS）测试。作为一个群体，精神分裂症患者在WAIS测试（全量表：X±SD，92.9±2.9 vs. 110.8±2.1，p＜0.002）和霍尔斯特德-赖坦成套神经心理测验（HRB；平均损伤范围=2.1±0.2 vs. 1.12±0.06，p＜0.003）中的表现明显更差。此外，精神分裂症患者在所有WAIS子测验中的表现都明显比非精神分裂症患者差，并且在大多数HRB子测验中得分处于损伤范围内。计算机断层扫描显示，9名精神分裂症患者有大脑室，另外3名有皮质萎缩。在精神分裂症患者中，脑室扩大组的得分始终最差。在通过简明精神病评定量表测量的神经心理测试表现与持续精神病理学程度之间未发现相关性。这些发现与先前关于精神分裂症认知障碍的报道一致，并从区域定位的角度进行了讨论。它们提供了额外的证据，表明这种损伤与疾病过程有关，并且结构异常与更严重的病情相关。
