College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Jan 30;21(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02042-y.
An increasing awareness exists that lack of activity engagement is associated with insomnia symptoms. However, the majority of studies have focused on the association between a single type of activity engagement and insomnia symptoms.
This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Health and Retirement Study examining the relationships among different types of activity engagement and insomnia symptoms among older adults. The sample for this study included 3321 older adults who responded to survey modules on activity engagement and insomnia symptoms in 2016. Activity engagement was measured using items for three types of activities (i.e., social, cognitive, and physical) validated in this study. Insomnia symptoms were measured using four items (i.e., difficulty of falling asleep, waking up during the night, waking up too early, and feeling rested). Independent t-tests were conducted to identify the differences in insomnia symptoms according to activity engagement level. Regressions were conducted to examine the associations among three types of activity engagement and insomnia symptoms after adjusting for covariates such as demographics, chronic disease, activities of daily living difficulty, cognitive function, sleep disorder, loneliness, and caregiving.
The respondents in the high-level social, cognitive, and physical activity engagement groups were found to show fewer insomnia symptoms. Furthermore, higher social (β = - 0.04, p = 0.040) and cognitive (β = - 0.06, p = 0.007) activity engagements were associated with fewer insomnia symptoms even after adjusting for other types of activity engagement and all covariates.
This study suggests that older adults with higher social and cognitive activity engagements may be likely to have fewer insomnia symptoms. Based on these results, future research is needed to develop multi-component intervention programs that can encourage older adults to engage in these activities.
越来越多的人意识到缺乏活动参与与失眠症状有关。然而，大多数研究都集中在单一类型的活动参与与失眠症状之间的关系上。
这是一项使用健康与退休研究的二次数据进行的横断面研究，旨在研究老年人不同类型的活动参与与失眠症状之间的关系。本研究的样本包括 3321 名老年人，他们在 2016 年回应了关于活动参与和失眠症状的调查模块。活动参与使用在这项研究中验证的三种活动（社交、认知和身体）的项目进行衡量。失眠症状使用四项指标（入睡困难、夜间醒来、早醒和感到休息）进行衡量。独立 t 检验用于根据活动参与水平识别失眠症状的差异。回归分析用于在调整人口统计学、慢性病、日常生活活动困难、认知功能、睡眠障碍、孤独感和护理等协变量后，研究三种类型的活动参与与失眠症状之间的关联。
高水平社交、认知和身体活动参与组的受访者表现出较少的失眠症状。此外，较高的社交（β=-0.04，p=0.040）和认知（β=-0.06，p=0.007）活动参与与较少的失眠症状相关，即使在调整其他类型的活动参与和所有协变量后也是如此。
本研究表明，社交和认知活动参与度较高的老年人可能更容易出现较少的失眠症状。基于这些结果，需要进行未来的研究来开发多组分干预计划，以鼓励老年人参与这些活动。
