Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Poult Sci. 2021 Mar;100(3):100923. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.021. Epub 2020 Dec 13.
In the United States, every year an average of 287.1 eggs are consumed per person, and over 14.1 billion eggs are set in hatchery incubators to produce chicks destined for the egg and meat bird industries. By reducing the microbial load on eggs, food-borne-associated outbreaks can be reduced while good chick health is maintained. Pulsed ultraviolet (PUV) light system delivers an energy-intense broad spectrum (100-1,100 nm) pulse derived from a xenon flashlamp. In recent years, PUV light has been shown to reduce microbial pathogens on the surface of shell eggs by using a static PUV light system. In this study, shell eggs were surface inoculated with Escherichia coli or Enterococcus faecium and treated with PUV light using a modified egg candling conveyor that provided complete rotation of eggs under a flashlamp. Pulsed UV light treatment inactivated both microbial strains, with greater energy resulting in a greater germicidal response (P < 0.05). Treatments of 1.0, 2.4, 3.1, and 4.9 J/cm resulted in microbial reductions (Log CFU/cm) of 3.83, 4.26, 4.28, and 4.62 for E. coli and 2.04, 3.12, 3.11, and 3.82 for E. faecium, respectively. This study also evaluated the effects of PUV light treatment of hatching eggs (commercial Leghorn hybrids) on both embryo and chick growth parameters. Using the same system, 4 replicates of 125 fertile eggs per rep were treated with 0 (control), 4.9, 24.4, or 48.8 J/cm of PUV light. After processing, eggs were placed in a commercial incubator under normal incubation conditions. There was no significant effect of the PUV light treatment on percent fertility, hatchability, or hatch (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant effects on posthatch observations, including livability and average bird weight at hatch or at 42 d of age (P > 0.05). In conclusion, this study supports the application of PUV light as an effective antimicrobial intervention for both table and hatching eggs.
在美国，平均每人每年食用 287.1 个鸡蛋，超过 141 亿个鸡蛋被放入孵化机孵化器中，以生产用于蛋鸡和肉禽行业的小鸡。通过减少鸡蛋上的微生物负荷，可以减少食源性疾病的爆发，同时保持小鸡的健康。脉冲紫外线（PUV）灯系统提供源自氙气闪光灯的高强度广谱（100-1100nm）脉冲能量。近年来，已经证明使用静态 PUV 光系统可以减少蛋壳表面的微生物病原体。在这项研究中，通过用改良的蛋灯检查输送器对鸡蛋进行表面接种，该输送器在闪光灯下提供鸡蛋的完全旋转，从而对鸡蛋进行 PUV 光处理。脉冲紫外线处理可使两种微生物菌株失活，更大的能量导致更大的杀菌反应（P<0.05）。1.0、2.4、3.1 和 4.9J/cm 的处理导致大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌的微生物减少（LogCFU/cm）分别为 3.83、4.26、4.28 和 4.62，粪肠球菌分别为 2.04、3.12、3.11 和 3.82。本研究还评估了 PUV 光处理孵化蛋（商业莱杭杂交鸡）对胚胎和雏鸡生长参数的影响。使用相同的系统，每个重复处理 125 个有活力的鸡蛋 4 个，每个重复的 PUV 光处理量为 0（对照）、4.9、24.4 或 48.8J/cm。处理后，鸡蛋在商业孵化器中按照正常孵化条件放置。PUV 光处理对受精率、孵化率或孵化率没有显著影响（P>0.05）。此外，在孵化后观察中，包括在孵化或在 42 日龄时的成活率和平均鸟类体重，均没有显著影响（P>0.05）。总之，这项研究支持将 PUV 光作为一种有效的表壳和孵化蛋抗菌干预措施的应用。
