González-Grandón Ximena, Falcón-Cortés Andrea, Ramos-Fernández Gabriel
Departamento de Educación, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 14;11:569403. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569403. eCollection 2020.
The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical and formal framework to understand how the proprioceptive and kinesthetic system learns about body position and possibilities for movement in ongoing action and interaction. Whereas most weak embodiment accounts of proprioception focus on positionalist descriptions or on its role as a source of parameters for internal motor control, we argue that these aspects are insufficient to understand how proprioception is integrated into an active organized system in continuous and dynamic interaction with the environment. Our strong embodiment thesis is that one of the main theoretical principles to understand proprioception, as a perceptual experience within concrete situations, is the coupling with kinesthesia and its relational constitution-self, ecological, and social. In our view, these aspects are underdeveloped in current accounts, and an enactive sensorimotor theory enriched with phenomenological descriptions may provide an alternative path toward explaining this skilled experience. Following O'Regan and Noë (2001) sensorimotor contingencies conceptualization, we introduce three distinct notions of proprioceptive kinesthetic-sensorimotor contingencies (PK-SMCs), which we describe conceptually and formally considering three varieties of perceptual experience in action: PK-SMCs-self, PK-SMCs-self-environment, and PK-SMC-self-other. As a proof of concept of our proposal, we developed a minimal PK model to discuss these elements in detail and show their explanatory value as important guides to understand the proprioceptive/kinesthetic system. Finally, we also highlight that there is an opportunity to develop enactive sensorimotor theory in new directions, creating a bridge between the varieties of experiences of oneself and learning skills.
本文旨在提供一个理论和形式框架，以理解本体感觉和动觉系统如何在持续的行动和互动中了解身体位置和运动可能性。虽然大多数关于本体感觉的弱具身化解释都集中在位置主义描述或其作为内部运动控制参数来源的作用上，但我们认为，这些方面不足以理解本体感觉如何在与环境的持续动态互动中融入一个主动组织的系统。我们的强具身化论点是，理解本体感觉作为具体情境中的一种感知体验的主要理论原则之一，是与动觉及其关系构成——自我、生态和社会——的耦合。我们认为，这些方面在当前的解释中并未得到充分发展，而一种丰富了现象学描述的生成性感觉运动理论可能为解释这种熟练体验提供一条替代路径。遵循奥雷根和诺埃（2001）的感觉运动偶联概念化，我们引入了三种不同的本体感觉动觉感觉运动偶联（PK-SMCs）概念，我们从概念和形式上考虑了行动中的三种感知体验类型来描述它们：PK-SMCs-自我、PK-SMCs-自我-环境和PK-SMC-自我-他人。作为我们提议的概念验证，我们开发了一个最小的PK模型来详细讨论这些元素，并展示它们作为理解本体感觉/动觉系统的重要指南的解释价值。最后，我们还强调，有机会在新的方向上发展生成性感觉运动理论，在自我的各种体验和学习技能之间架起一座桥梁。
