Bonatelli Maria Leticia, Lacerda-Júnior Gileno Vieira, Dos Reis Junior Fábio Bueno, Fernandes-Júnior Paulo Ivan, Melo Itamar Soares, Quecine Maria Carolina
Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Jan 15;11:553223. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.553223. eCollection 2020.
Semiarid regions are apparently low biodiversity environments; however, these environments may host a phylogenetically diverse microbial community associated with plants. Their microbial inhabitants are often recruited to withstand stressful settings and improve plant growth under harsh conditions. Thus, plant-associated microorganisms isolated from semiarid and seasonally dry environments will be detailed in the present review, focusing on plant growth promotion potential and the microbial ability to alleviate plant abiotic stress. Initially, we explored the role of microbes from dry environments around the world, and then, we focused on seasonally dry Brazilian biomes, the Caatinga and the Cerrado. Cultivable bacteria from semiarid and seasonally dry environments have demonstrated great plant growth promotion traits such as plant hormone production, mobilization of insoluble nutrients, and mechanisms related to plant abiotic stress alleviation. Several of these isolates were able to improve plant growth under stressful conditions commonly present in typical semiarid regions, such as high salinity and drought. Additionally, we highlight the potential of plants highly adapted to seasonal climates from the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes as a suitable pool of microbial inoculants to maintain plant growth under abiotic stress conditions. In general, we point out the potential for the exploitation of new microbial inoculants from plants growing in dry environments to ensure a sustainable increase in agricultural productivity in a future climate change scenario.
半干旱地区显然是生物多样性较低的环境；然而，这些环境可能拥有与植物相关的系统发育多样的微生物群落。它们的微生物居民常常被招募来抵御压力环境，并在恶劣条件下促进植物生长。因此，本综述将详细介绍从半干旱和季节性干燥环境中分离出的与植物相关的微生物，重点关注其促进植物生长的潜力以及缓解植物非生物胁迫的能力。首先，我们探讨了来自世界各地干旱环境中微生物的作用，然后，我们聚焦于巴西季节性干燥的生物群落——卡廷加和塞拉多。来自半干旱和季节性干燥环境的可培养细菌已展现出强大的促进植物生长的特性，如植物激素的产生、不溶性养分的 mobilization 以及与缓解植物非生物胁迫相关的机制。这些分离株中的几种能够在典型半干旱地区常见的压力条件下，如高盐度和干旱条件下，促进植物生长。此外，我们强调了高度适应卡廷加和塞拉多生物群落季节性气候的植物作为合适的微生物接种剂库，在非生物胁迫条件下维持植物生长的潜力。总体而言，我们指出了从生长在干旱环境中的植物中开发新型微生物接种剂的潜力，以确保在未来气候变化情景下农业生产力的可持续增长。 （注：“mobilization”此处似应结合上下文准确翻译为“活化”等更合适的词，但按要求未做修改。）
