Desson Zachary, Weller Emmi, McMeekin Peter, Ammi Mehdi
Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
University of Oslo, Norway.
Health Policy Technol. 2020 Dec;9(4):430-446. doi: 10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.09.002. Epub 2020 Sep 5.
This paper presents an overview and comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation and the policy responses in France, Belgium, and Canada during the early stages of the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic (Feb.-Aug. 2020). These three countries are compared because they represent a spectrum of different governance structures while also being OECD nations that are similar in many other respects.
A rapid review of primary data from the three countries was conducted. Data was collected from official government documents whenever possible, supplemented by information from international databases and local media reports. The data was then analysed to identify common patterns as well as significant divergences across the three countries, especially in the areas of health policy and technology use.
France, Belgium and Canada faced differing epidemiological situations during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the wide variety of policy actions taken appears to be linked to existing governance and healthcare structures. The varying degrees of federalism and regional autonomy across the three countries highlight the different constraints faced by national policy-makers within different governance models.
The actions taken by all three countries appear to have been largely dictated by existing health system capacity, with increasing federalism associated with more fragmented strategies and less coordination across jurisdictions. However, the implications of certain policies related to economic resilience and health system capacity cannot yet be fully evaluated and may even prove to have net negative impacts into the future.
本文概述并比较分析了法国、比利时和加拿大在2020年新冠疫情早期阶段（2020年2月至8月）的疫情形势及政策应对措施。对这三个国家进行比较是因为它们代表了不同的治理结构类型，同时作为经合组织国家，在许多其他方面也具有相似性。
对来自这三个国家的原始数据进行了快速审查。数据尽可能从政府官方文件中收集，并辅以国际数据库和当地媒体报道的信息。然后对数据进行分析，以确定三国之间的共同模式以及显著差异，特别是在卫生政策和技术应用领域。
法国、比利时和加拿大在新冠疫情期间面临不同的疫情形势，所采取的各种政策行动似乎与现有的治理和医疗结构有关。三国不同程度的联邦制和地区自治突出了不同治理模式下国家政策制定者面临的不同制约因素。
这三个国家采取的行动似乎在很大程度上取决于现有的卫生系统能力，联邦制程度越高，战略越分散，跨辖区的协调越少。然而，某些与经济复原力和卫生系统能力相关政策的影响尚未得到充分评估，甚至可能在未来被证明具有净负面影响。
