Bedrosian J L, Wanska S K, Sykes K M, Smith A J, Dalton B M
Speech and Hearing Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.
J Speech Hear Res. 1988 Mar;31(1):81-6. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3101.81.
Conversational turn-taking violations and corresponding repair mechanisms in mother-child interaction were examined. Thirty mother-child dyads, with children ranging in age from 2:10 (years:months) to 6:3, were videotaped in a 10-min free play situation. The interactions were analyzed for several aspects of overlaps (i.e., simultaneous talking), including general characteristics, participant involvement, turn-taking repair mechanisms, topic characteristics, and communicative intent. Of the 246 overlaps identified, the majority were single, nonconsecutive, and internal (Gallagher & Craig, 1982). Mothers interrupted significantly more than did the children. In terms of repair mechanisms, children exhibited a greater frequency of discontinuation of talking when the mothers interrupted than did the mothers for the comparable situation. Both within and following the majority of overlaps, mothers and children maintained the same topic. Utterances consisting of informative statements were interrupted more often than those consisting of requests. In general, mothers did not appear to be as facilitative of their children's turn-taking skills as they are for other pragmatic skills.
研究了母子互动中对话轮流违反现象及相应的修复机制。选取了30对母子，孩子年龄在2岁10个月至6岁3个月之间，在10分钟的自由玩耍情境中进行录像。对互动中的重叠部分（即同时说话）的几个方面进行了分析，包括一般特征、参与者参与度、轮流修复机制、话题特征和交际意图。在识别出的246次重叠中，大多数是单次、非连续和内部的（加拉格尔和克雷格，1982）。母亲打断孩子的次数明显多于孩子打断母亲的次数。在修复机制方面，当母亲打断时，孩子停止说话的频率比母亲在类似情况下更高。在大多数重叠期间及之后，母亲和孩子都保持相同的话题。由信息性陈述组成的话语比由请求组成的话语更容易被打断。总体而言，母亲似乎不像在其他语用技能方面那样促进孩子的轮流说话技能。
