Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Hum Antibodies. 2021;29(1):101-108. doi: 10.3233/HAB-200435.
There is the paucity of HTLV-1/-2 studies on Nigerian pregnant women despite the medical and public health significance of maternal-to-child transmission of HTLV-1/-2.
This study aims to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HTLV-1/-2 infections among pregnant women attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Abuja, Nigeria.
Blood samples were collected from consented pregnant women and analysed for ant-HTLV-1/-2 total antibodies using a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Pretested structured questionnaires were used to collate participants' socio-demographic variables and risk factors of HTLV infection.
Out of the 156 pregnant women tested for HTLV-1/-2 antibodies, 16 (10.3%) were seropositive. There was no significant association between the socio-demographic variables collated and seroprevalence of HTLV-1/-2 infection among pregnant women (p> 0.05). Pregnant women with HIV infection had a lower prevalence of HLTV-1/-2 infection than those without HIV infections (7.5% versus 11.7%). Pregnant women with multiple sexual partners had a higher risk of HTLV-1/-2 infection than those who had single (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 0.53-8.18). Women with a history of needles injury had a higher risk of HTLV-1/-2 infection than those who do not (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.38-4.08). The history of blood transfusion was significantly associated with HTLV-1/-2 infection (p= 0.027). However, no significant association existed between other risk factors of HTLV-1/-2 infection among pregnant women (p> 0.05).
Considering the 3% pooled national prevalence of HTLV-1/-2 infection in Nigeria, the seroprevalence reported in this study is relatively high. Thus, there is a need for more large cohort studies and routine screening of population at increased risk of infection.
尽管 HTLV-1/-2 经母婴传播具有重要的医学和公共卫生意义，但在尼日利亚孕妇中进行 HTLV-1/-2 研究的情况很少。
本研究旨在确定在尼日利亚阿布贾大学教学医院（UATH）就诊的孕妇中 HTLV-1/-2 感染的血清流行率和危险因素。
采集同意参加的孕妇的血样，使用商业酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）试剂盒检测抗 HTLV-1/-2 总抗体。使用预测试的结构化问卷收集参与者的社会人口统计学变量和 HTLV 感染的危险因素。
在 156 名接受 HTLV-1/-2 抗体检测的孕妇中，有 16 名（10.3%）呈血清阳性。在收集的社会人口统计学变量与孕妇 HTLV-1/-2 感染的血清流行率之间没有显著关联（p>0.05）。感染 HIV 的孕妇 HTLV-1/-2 感染的患病率低于未感染 HIV 的孕妇（7.5%比 11.7%）。有多个性伴侣的孕妇感染 HTLV-1/-2 的风险高于仅有单一性伴侣的孕妇（OR=2.08，95%CI：0.53-8.18）。有针刺伤史的妇女感染 HTLV-1/-2 的风险高于无针刺伤史的妇女（OR=1.24，95%CI：0.38-4.08）。有输血史与 HTLV-1/-2 感染显著相关（p=0.027）。然而，孕妇其他 HTLV-1/-2 感染危险因素之间没有显著关联（p>0.05）。
考虑到尼日利亚全国 HTLV-1/-2 感染的 3%的 pooled 流行率，本研究报告的血清流行率相对较高。因此，需要进行更多的大型队列研究和对感染风险增加的人群进行常规筛查。
