COVID-19 大流行对儿童和青少年的心理和精神影响。
Psychological and psychiatric impact of COVID-19 pandemic among children and adolescents.
机构信息
Medicine and Surgery Department, University of Parma, Italy.
Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
出版信息
Acta Biomed. 2020 Nov 10;91(4):e2020149. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i4.10870.
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 outbreak and the unprecedent measures imposed by the government, including quarantine and social distancing, cause psychological distress in children and adolescents.
METHODS
we review literature about mental health effects of COVID-19 pandemic by using the keywords "COVID-19", "coronavirus", "pandemic", "mental health", "psych*", "adolescent" and "child".
RESULTS
early evidence show high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents, due to the pandemic itself, to social isolation and to parents' stress. High grade students, females and low-income families are at higher risk to develop psychiatric symptoms. Psychological distress can be reduced by maintaining contact with peers through social networks and by accurate updates provided by the government through the mass media. Online resources such as information about mental health education and preventive measure, video-counselling, telemedicine and telepsychiatry services, can be useful to reduce the psychosocial effects of the novel coronavirus.
CONCLUSION
there is urgent need to plan new strategies for early psychological interventions in order to reduce the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents mental health status.
背景
COVID-19 疫情爆发以及政府采取的前所未有的隔离和社会疏离措施给儿童和青少年带来了心理困扰。
方法
我们使用“COVID-19”、“冠状病毒”、“大流行”、“心理健康”、“psych*”、“青少年”和“儿童”等关键词，回顾了 COVID-19 大流行对心理健康影响的文献。
结果
早期证据表明，由于疫情本身、社交隔离和父母的压力，儿童和青少年出现焦虑和抑郁症状的比例很高。高年级学生、女性和低收入家庭患精神症状的风险更高。通过社交网络与同龄人保持联系，以及政府通过大众媒体提供准确的信息更新，可以减轻心理困扰。在线资源，如心理健康教育和预防措施信息、视频咨询、远程医疗和远程精神病学服务，可用于减轻新型冠状病毒的社会心理影响。
结论
迫切需要制定新的早期心理干预策略，以减少 COVID-19 大流行对儿童和青少年心理健康的影响。
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