Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Nat Ecol Evol. 2021 Apr;5(4):513-519. doi: 10.1038/s41559-020-01380-1. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
Disturbance and habitat modification by humans can alter animal movement, leading to negative impacts on fitness, survival and population viability. However, the ubiquity and nature of these impacts across diverse taxa has not been quantified. We compiled 208 studies on 167 species from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems across the globe to assess how human disturbance influences animal movement. We show that disturbance by humans has widespread impacts on the movements of birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish and arthropods. More than two-thirds of 719 cases represented a change in movement of 20% or more, with increases in movement averaging 70% and decreases -37%. Disturbance from human activities, such as recreation and hunting, had stronger impacts on animal movement than habitat modification, such as logging and agriculture. Our results point to a global restructuring of animal movement and emphasize the need to reduce the negative impacts of humans on animal movement.
人类的干扰和栖息地改变会改变动物的运动，从而对其适应能力、生存和种群生存力产生负面影响。然而，这些影响在不同类群中的普遍性和性质尚未量化。我们汇编了来自全球陆地和水生生态系统的 167 个物种的 208 项研究，以评估人类干扰如何影响动物的运动。我们表明，人类的干扰对鸟类、哺乳动物、爬行动物、两栖动物、鱼类和节肢动物的运动有广泛的影响。在 719 个案例中，超过三分之二的案例表示运动变化了 20%或更多，其中运动增加平均为 70%，减少为-37%。与栖息地改变（如伐木和农业）相比，人类活动（如娱乐和狩猎）造成的干扰对动物运动的影响更大。我们的研究结果表明，动物的运动在全球范围内发生了重构，这强调了减少人类对动物运动的负面影响的必要性。
