Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab.
Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, PGIMER Chandigarh.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2021 Feb;69(2):30-34.
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most dreaded complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Preventive podiatry is most efficient way of minimising DFU. The main aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and foot care practices among patients living with T2DM concerning the DFU.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in a rural-area of Haryana, India between January to March 2019 amongst 416 people living with T2DM after using multistage random sampling. A pre-tested, structured survey instrument prepared from the recommendation of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons and the Diabetes UK was used after Hindi translation as per standard protocol. The knowledge and practices were classified as good, satisfactory and poor if the total score was between 8-11, 6-7 and <6.
14.2% had a previous history of DFU. The prevalence of good, satisfactory and poor knowledge was 63.5%, 12.5% and 24.0%. Further, 46.7%, 32.7% and 20.6% respondents depicted good, satisfactory and poor practices regarding foot care. On multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, younger age group, higher education, Per capita family income in INR, Blood glucose levels, HbA1c Levels, physical activity and previous history of DFU emerged as significant predictors of good foot-care knowledge and practices.
There is an evident gap between foot-care knowledge and practices that should be addressed through comprehensive behaviour change strategies. Comprehensive risk-assessments for diabetes associated complications needs to be piloted at community level to assess the feasibility.
糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）是 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）最可怕的并发症之一。预防足病学是将 DFU 最小化的最有效方法。本研究的主要目的是评估 T2DM 患者对 DFU 的知识和足部护理实践。
我们于 2019 年 1 月至 3 月在印度哈里亚纳邦的一个农村地区进行了一项横断面研究，使用多阶段随机抽样方法，对 416 名 T2DM 患者进行了研究。在印度语翻译后，根据美国足踝外科医师学院和英国糖尿病协会的建议，使用预先测试的、结构化的调查工具，根据标准方案进行。如果总分在 8-11、6-7 和 <6 之间，则将知识和实践分类为良好、满意和差。
14.2%的人有过 DFU 的既往史。良好、满意和差的知识的患病率分别为 63.5%、12.5%和 24.0%。此外，46.7%、32.7%和 20.6%的受访者在足部护理方面表现出良好、满意和差的实践。在多变量二元逻辑回归分析中，年龄较小、教育程度较高、人均家庭收入（INR）、血糖水平、HbA1c 水平、体力活动和 DFU 既往史是足部护理知识和实践良好的显著预测因素。
足部护理知识和实践之间存在明显差距，应通过综合行为改变策略加以解决。需要在社区层面试行对糖尿病相关并发症的综合风险评估，以评估可行性。
