Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Immunogenetics. 2021 Apr;73(2):131-152. doi: 10.1007/s00251-021-01204-x. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Since the discovery of human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), the function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene families in a wide range of diseases have been the subject of research for decades. In particular, the associations of autoimmune disorders to allelic variants and candidate genes encoding the MHC are well documented. However, despite decades of research, the knowledge of MHC associations with human disease susceptibility have been predominantly studied in European origin, with limited understanding in different populations and ethnic groups. This is particularly evident in countries and ethnic populations of the Arabian Peninsula. Human MHC haplotypes, and its association with diseases, of the variable ethnic groups of this region are poorly studied. This review compiled published manuscripts that have reported a list of autoimmune diseases (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis vulgaris, and multiple sclerosis) associated with MHC class I and class II in the populations of the Arabian Peninsula, specifically Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Data available was compared with other three ethnic groups, namely Caucasians, Asians, and Africans. The limited data available in the public domain on the association between MHC gene and autoimmune diseases highlight the challenges in the Middle Eastern region.
自人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 被发现以来，主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 基因家族在多种疾病中的功能已成为数十年研究的主题。特别是，自身免疫性疾病与 MHC 等位基因变体和候选基因编码的关联已得到充分记录。然而，尽管经过数十年的研究，对 MHC 与人类疾病易感性的关联主要在欧洲血统中进行了研究，而对不同人群和种族群体的了解有限。这在阿拉伯半岛的国家和种族群体中尤为明显。该地区不同种族群体的人类 MHC 单倍型及其与疾病的关联研究甚少。这篇综述汇集了已发表的文献，这些文献报道了在阿拉伯半岛人群（具体为巴林、科威特、阿曼、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯联合酋长国和也门）中与 MHC I 类和 II 类相关的自身免疫性疾病（胰岛素依赖型糖尿病、系统性红斑狼疮、重症肌无力、类风湿性关节炎、寻常性银屑病和多发性硬化症）的列表。将可用数据与其他三个族群（白种人、亚洲人和非洲人）进行了比较。公共领域中关于 MHC 基因与自身免疫性疾病之间关联的有限数据突显了中东地区面临的挑战。
