The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, UK.
J Cell Biochem. 2021 Jul;122(7):696-715. doi: 10.1002/jcb.29896. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that can bind to the target sites in the 3'-untranslated region of messenger RNA to regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. Increasing evidence has identified the miR-29 family, consisting of miR-29a, miR-29b-1, miR-29b-2, and miR-29c, as key regulators of a number of biological processes. Moreover, their abnormal expression contributes to the etiology of numerous diseases. In the current review, we aimed to summarize the differential expression patterns and functional roles of the miR-29 family in the etiology of diseases including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, cardiorenal, and immune disease. Furthermore, we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting members of miR-29 family in these diseases. We present miR-29s as promoters of osteoblast differentiation and apoptosis but suppressors of chondrogenic and osteoclast differentiation, fibrosis, and T cell differentiation, with clear avenues for therapeutic manipulation. Further research will be crucial to identify the precise mechanism of miR-29 family in these diseases and their full potential in therapeutics.
微小 RNA 是一种小型非编码 RNA，可以与信使 RNA 的 3'-非翻译区的靶位点结合，从而调节转录后基因表达。越来越多的证据表明，miR-29 家族，包括 miR-29a、miR-29b-1、miR-29b-2 和 miR-29c，是许多生物学过程的关键调节因子。此外，它们的异常表达导致了许多疾病的病因。在本综述中，我们旨在总结 miR-29 家族在包括骨关节炎、骨质疏松症、心肾和自身免疫性疾病在内的疾病发病机制中的差异表达模式和功能作用。此外，我们强调了靶向 miR-29 家族成员在这些疾病中的治疗潜力。我们提出 miR-29s 是成骨细胞分化和凋亡的促进剂，但抑制软骨生成和破骨细胞分化、纤维化和 T 细胞分化，具有明确的治疗干预途径。进一步的研究对于确定 miR-29 家族在这些疾病中的精确机制及其在治疗中的全部潜力至关重要。
