From the Department of Pediatric (Alyoubi, Al-Yahyawi, Faculty of Medicine (Al-Hayani), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, from the Department of Neurology (Aljaafari), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Department of Internal Medicine (Basheikh), Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2021 Jan;26(1):26-30. doi: 10.17712/nsj.2021.1.20200116.
To assess the etiology of status epilepticus (SE) among the pediatric patients of a tertiary center in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Data from 88 cases was obtained retrospectively from 2006 to 2017 from King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). Patients aged between 28 days and 14 years with the symptoms of SE were selected for this study.
The data show that the proportions of SE etiologies were 30.5% for febrile seizure, 11.9% for electrolytes imbalance, 8.5% for hydrocephalus, 6.8% for CNS infections, and 6.8% for neoplasm. The other etiologies of SE were trauma, fever, intractable epilepsy, cerebrovascular accident, hemorrhagic stroke, etc. There were no clear etiologies in 8 cases. Most of the patients were not of Saudi origin (64.3%), boys (67.8%), and had generalized epilepsy types (91.8%), and 58.6% of the patients complied with epilepsy medications.
The most prevalent etiology of convulsive status epilepticus was a febrile seizure, followed by electrolyte imbalance and hydrocephalus. However, a nationwide study in KSA must be conducted to determine the major etiologies of SE for its effective management and prevention. Educating families and patients regarding antiepileptic drugs is necessary.
评估沙特阿拉伯吉达一家三级中心儿科患者癫痫持续状态（SE）的病因。
从 2006 年至 2017 年，我们从阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院（KAUH）回顾性地获得了 88 例病例的数据。本研究入选年龄在 28 天至 14 岁之间、有 SE 症状的患者。
数据显示，SE 的病因比例为热性惊厥占 30.5%，电解质失衡占 11.9%，脑积水占 8.5%，中枢神经系统感染占 6.8%，肿瘤占 6.8%。SE 的其他病因有创伤、发热、难治性癫痫、脑血管意外、出血性中风等。8 例病因不明确。大多数患者不是沙特人（64.3%），男孩（67.8%），全身性癫痫类型（91.8%），58.6%的患者服用抗癫痫药物。
最常见的癫痫持续状态病因是热性惊厥，其次是电解质失衡和脑积水。然而，必须在沙特阿拉伯进行全国性研究，以确定 SE 的主要病因，从而进行有效的管理和预防。有必要对患者和家属进行抗癫痫药物的教育。
