Direcção de Pesquisa em Saúde e Bem-Estar, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, 1120 Maputo, Mozambique.
International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs (ICAP) at Columbia University, 1101 Maputo, Mozambique.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 26;18(3):1091. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031091.
We assessed adherence to government recommendations implemented shortly after the introduction of COVID-19 in Mozambique in March 2020, through two online cross-sectional surveys in April and June 2020. We quantified adherence to preventive measures by a composite score comprising of five measures: physical distancing, face mask use, hand hygiene, cough hygiene, and avoidance of touching the face. 3770 and 1115 persons participated in the first and second round respectively. Wearing face masks, regular handwashing and cough hygiene all reached compliance rates of over 90% while physical distancing and avoiding to touch the face reached a compliance rate of 80-90%. A multivariable model investigating factors associated with adherence found that being older, more educated, and belonging to the healthcare sector increased the odds for higher adherence. Private workers and retired people, respondents receiving COVID-19 information through social media, and those who reported flu-like symptoms were less likely to adhere. 6% of respondents reported flu-like symptoms which aligned with the WHO clinical definition of COVID-19, suggesting low level community transmission. In conclusion, most respondents in this online survey in Mozambique complied well with strategies to prevent COVID-19. Whether the good preventive behaviour explains the low grade COVID-19 transmission requires further study.
我们评估了 2020 年 3 月 COVID-19 在莫桑比克出现后不久实施的政府建议的遵守情况，通过 2020 年 4 月和 6 月的两次在线横断面调查进行评估。我们通过包含五个措施的综合评分来衡量预防措施的遵守情况：保持社交距离、戴口罩、手部卫生、咳嗽卫生和避免触摸面部。第一次和第二次调查分别有 3770 人和 1115 人参与。戴口罩、经常洗手和咳嗽卫生的遵守率均达到 90%以上，而保持社交距离和避免触摸面部的遵守率达到 80-90%。一个调查与遵守相关因素的多变量模型发现，年龄较大、教育程度较高、属于医疗保健部门的人更有可能更高地遵守规定。私营部门的工人和退休人员、通过社交媒体获取 COVID-19 信息的受访者，以及报告有流感样症状的人更不可能遵守规定。6%的受访者报告有流感样症状，这与世界卫生组织 COVID-19 的临床定义相符，表明社区传播程度较低。总之，莫桑比克这项在线调查的大多数受访者很好地遵守了预防 COVID-19 的策略。良好的预防行为是否解释了 COVID-19 低度传播还需要进一步研究。
