Kraus Felix, Roy Krishnendu, Pucadyil Thomas J, Ryan Michael T
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature. 2021 Feb;590(7844):57-66. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03214-x. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Mitochondria form dynamic networks in the cell that are balanced by the flux of iterative fusion and fission events of the organelles. It is now appreciated that mitochondrial fission also represents an end-point event in a signalling axis that allows cells to sense and respond to external cues. The fission process is orchestrated by membrane-associated adaptors, influenced by organellar and cytoskeletal interactions and ultimately executed by the dynamin-like GTPase DRP1. Here we invoke the framework of the 'mitochondrial divisome', which is conceptually and operationally similar to the bacterial cell-division machinery. We review the functional and regulatory aspects of the mitochondrial divisome and, within this framework, parse the core from the accessory machinery. In so doing, we transition from a phenomenological to a mechanistic understanding of the fission process.
线粒体在细胞中形成动态网络，该网络由细胞器反复融合和裂变事件的通量来平衡。现在人们认识到，线粒体裂变也是信号轴中的一个终点事件，该信号轴使细胞能够感知外部线索并做出反应。裂变过程由膜相关衔接蛋白精心编排，受细胞器和细胞骨架相互作用的影响，并最终由动力蛋白样GTP酶DRP1执行。在这里，我们引入了“线粒体分裂体”的框架，其在概念和操作上类似于细菌细胞分裂机制。我们回顾了线粒体分裂体的功能和调控方面，并在此框架内区分核心机制和辅助机制。通过这样做，我们从对裂变过程的现象学理解过渡到了机械学理解。
