Kronenfeld J J, Jackson K L, Davis K E, Blair S N
School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Department of Health Administration, Columbia 29208.
Soc Sci Med. 1988;26(5):515-23. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(88)90384-x.
This paper uses data from an employee health promotion project for government employees to examine initial health practices and their relationship to social and demographic variables. It then uses data collected one year later to examine changes in health behaviors and to try to explain what types of people are most likely to undertake health behavior changes in a year, within the context of a worksite health promotion project. Most people in this sample of employees do make positive changes in health habits in at least one of the following areas: smoking, seatbelt usage, diet, exercise, alcohol usage. While a variety of different social and demographic variables are important in explaining initial differences in health practices, these same variables along with measures of personal efficacy and job stress are poor predictors of whether people change their health behavior over a year. Future research might usefully focus on more detailed collection of qualitative data to help understand what factors motivate people to change health behavior. Future survey approaches may then incorporate broader and more diverse categories of explanatory variables into regression models.
本文使用来自一项针对政府雇员的员工健康促进项目的数据，来研究初始健康行为及其与社会和人口统计学变量的关系。然后，它使用一年后收集的数据来研究健康行为的变化，并试图解释在工作场所健康促进项目的背景下，哪些类型的人最有可能在一年内改变健康行为。在这个雇员样本中，大多数人至少在以下一个方面的健康习惯上做出了积极改变：吸烟、安全带使用、饮食、锻炼、饮酒。虽然各种不同的社会和人口统计学变量在解释健康行为的初始差异方面很重要，但这些相同的变量以及个人效能感和工作压力的衡量指标，对于人们是否在一年内改变健康行为的预测效果不佳。未来的研究可能会有益地聚焦于更详细的定性数据收集，以帮助理解促使人们改变健康行为的因素。未来的调查方法然后可以将更广泛和更多样化的解释变量类别纳入回归模型。
