Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Feb 16;55(4):2307-2315. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05326. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
An investigation was conducted by determining artificial sweeteners (ASs) in 80 samples from various environmental matrices, including dry deposition, rainfall, soil, leaf, and bark samples around a pig farm in Tianjin, China. Saccharin, cyclamate, and acesulfame were predominant in dry deposition and rainfall samples. Spatially, the distribution of ASs showed a consistent trend of farm center > downwind sites > upwind sites > reference site. The annual total mass loads of saccharin (70%), cyclamate (25%), and acesulfame (5%) via dry deposition and precipitation within a 5 km radius of the pig farm were estimated at 3.9 and 6.2 kg in the average-case and worst-case scenarios, respectively, accounting for 12-18% of the overall emission, indicating that pig farms are a significant source of ASs to the atmosphere and to the vicinal environment via dry and wet deposition. The distribution trends of ASs in tree bark and leaves were similar and tree bark performed better in passively biomonitoring the AS contamination. Overall, pig farms were predicted to release 65-114, 22-38, 2.0-3.5, and 0.6-1.1 tons by feed application in China, Europe, Latin America, and North America, respectively, to the vicinal environment via dry deposition and precipitation.
本研究通过测定中国天津某养猪场周围的干沉降物、降雨、土壤、叶片和树皮等 80 个环境样本中的人工甜味剂（ASs），对其进行了调查。在干沉降物和降雨样本中，糖精、环已基氨基磺酸钠和乙酰磺胺酸钾较为常见。从空间上看，ASs 的分布呈现出一种一致的趋势，即从农场中心到下风区、上风区到参照区。在平均情况和最差情况下，以 5 公里为半径，养猪场每年通过干沉降和降水进入大气和周边环境的糖精（70%）、环已基氨基磺酸钠（25%）和乙酰磺胺酸钾（5%）的总质量负荷分别为 3.9 和 6.2 千克，分别占总排放量的 12-18%，表明养猪场通过干湿沉降是大气和周边环境中 ASs 的重要来源。树皮和树叶中 ASs 的分布趋势相似，且树皮在被动生物监测 AS 污染方面表现更好。总体而言，通过饲料施用，中国、欧洲、拉丁美洲和北美洲的养猪场每年分别向周边环境排放 65-114、22-38、2.0-3.5 和 0.6-1.1 吨 ASs，通过干沉降和降水进入大气。
