Zhengzhou Tourism College, Zhengzhou, China.
College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 4;16(2):e0245961. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245961. eCollection 2021.
The income imbalance between urban and rural areas has seriously affected social fairness and justice and has become a key factor restricting the sustainable development of the economy and society. The analysis of the spatiotemporal laws and causes of urban-rural income disparity is of great significance to realizing the coordinated and integrated development of regional urban and rural areas. In this study, the coefficient of variation, Theil decomposition index, spatial autocorrelation method and GeoDetector model were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of the urban-rural income gap and its driving force in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2017. The results show that the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents in the study area shows a trend of rapid growth from 2000 to 2017. The urban-rural income gap in the study area showed an inverted "U"-shaped development process as a whole, and the relative difference showed an increasing trend. Regarding the spatial pattern, the study area showed a significant east-west differentiation pattern. The spatial distribution of the urban-rural income gap in the study area has an obvious positive spatial correlation, that is, the phenomena of high-value agglomeration and low-value agglomeration were significant. The economic development level, the industrial structure, the regional development policy, transportation, topographical conditions and resource endowments can strongly explain the spatial differentiation pattern of the urban-rural income gap in the study area. The spatial differentiation pattern of the urban-rural income gap is affected by both natural factors and socioeconomic factors. Among them, socioeconomic factors are the dominant factors, followed by natural factors. There is a significant interaction between natural factors and socio-economic factors, and the combination of socio-economic factors and adverse natural factors can significantly affect the regional urban-rural income gap.
城乡收入差距严重影响社会公平正义，已成为制约经济社会可持续发展的关键因素。分析城乡收入差距的时空规律及其成因，对于实现区域城乡协调一体化发展具有重要意义。本研究运用变异系数、泰尔分解指数、空间自相关方法和 GeoDetector 模型，分析了 2000—2017 年长江经济带城乡收入差距的时空特征及其驱动力。结果表明：研究区城乡居民人均可支配收入呈快速增长趋势，2000—2017 年研究区城乡收入差距呈倒“U”型发展过程，相对差距呈递增趋势。从空间格局来看，研究区表现出显著的东西分化格局。研究区城乡收入差距的空间分布具有明显的正空间相关性，即高值集聚和低值集聚现象显著。经济发展水平、产业结构、区域发展政策、交通、地形条件和资源禀赋等可以强烈解释研究区城乡收入差距的空间分异格局。城乡收入差距的空间分异格局受到自然因素和社会经济因素的共同影响，其中社会经济因素是主导因素，其次是自然因素。自然因素和社会经济因素之间存在显著的交互作用，社会经济因素与不利自然因素的结合可以显著影响区域城乡收入差距。
