School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea.
Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Feb 2;21(3):979. doi: 10.3390/s21030979.
Recently, aptamers have attracted attention in the biosensing field as signal recognition elements because of their high binding affinity toward specific targets such as proteins, cells, small molecules, and even metal ions, antibodies for which are difficult to obtain. Aptamers are single oligonucleotides generated by in vitro selection mechanisms via the systematic evolution of ligand exponential enrichment (SELEX) process. In addition to their high binding affinity, aptamers can be easily functionalized and engineered, providing several signaling modes such as colorimetric, fluorometric, and electrochemical, in what are known as aptasensors. In this review, recent advances in aptasensors as powerful biosensor probes that could be used in different fields, including environmental monitoring, clinical diagnosis, and drug monitoring, are described. Advances in aptamer-based colorimetric, fluorometric, and electrochemical aptasensing with their advantages and disadvantages are summarized and critically discussed. Additionally, future prospects are pointed out to facilitate the development of aptasensor technology for different targets.
最近，适体作为信号识别元件在生物传感领域引起了关注，因为它们与特定目标（如蛋白质、细胞、小分子甚至金属离子）具有高亲和力，而针对这些目标的抗体则难以获得。适体是通过体外选择机制生成的单链寡核苷酸，通过配体指数富集的系统进化（SELEX）过程。除了具有高亲和力外，适体还可以很容易地进行功能化和工程化，提供几种信号模式，如比色、荧光和电化学，这些在适体传感器中被称为适体传感器。在这篇综述中，描述了适体传感器作为强大的生物传感器探针在不同领域的最新进展，包括环境监测、临床诊断和药物监测。总结并批判性讨论了基于适体的比色、荧光和电化学生物传感器的进展及其优缺点。此外，还指出了未来的前景，以促进针对不同目标的适体传感器技术的发展。
