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突起组织是长期愈伤组织中的独特区域：猕猴桃的组织学和转录组分析。

Protuberances are organized distinct regions of long-term callus: histological and transcriptomic analyses in kiwifruit.

机构信息

Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, 29-Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland.

Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany, The Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.

出版信息

Plant Cell Rep. 2021 Apr;40(4):637-665. doi: 10.1007/s00299-021-02661-0. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

DOI:10.1007/s00299-021-02661-0
PMID:33544186
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7954764/
Abstract

Macroscopic, ultrastructural, and molecular features-like a ball shape, the presence of starch granules, and the up-regulation of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis-distinguish PT regions within a callus. The modification of the mass of pluripotent cells into de novo shoot bud regeneration is highly relevant to developmental biology and for agriculture and biotechnology. This study deals with protuberances (PT), structures that appear during the organogenic long-term culturing of callus (OC) in kiwifruit. These ball-shaped regions of callus might be considered the first morphological sign of the subsequent shoot bud development. Sections of PT show the regular arrangement of some cells, especially on the surface, in contrast to the regions of OC beyond the PT. The cells of OC possess chloroplasts; however, starch granules were observed only in PTs' plastids. Transcriptomic data revealed unique gene expression for each kind of sample: OC, PT, and PT with visible shoot buds (PT-SH). Higher expression of the gene involved in lipid (glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 5 [GPAT5]), carbohydrate (granule-bound starch synthase 1 [GBSS1]), and secondary metabolite (beta-glucosidase 45 [BGL45]) pathways were detected in PT and could be proposed as the markers of these structures. The up-regulation of the regulatory associated protein of TOR (RAPTOR1) was found in PT-SH. The highest expression of the actinidain gene in leaves from two-year-old regenerated plants suggests that the synthesis of this protein takes place in fully developed organs. The findings indicate that PT and PT-SH are specific structures within OC but have more features in common with callus tissue than with organs.

摘要

宏观、超微结构和分子特征——如球形、淀粉粒的存在以及参与碳水化合物代谢和次生代谢物生物合成的基因上调——将愈伤组织内的 PT 区域区分开来。将多能细胞的质量转化为新的芽再生与发育生物学以及农业和生物技术密切相关。本研究涉及突起（PT），这些结构出现在猕猴桃愈伤组织的器官发生长期培养（OC）过程中。这些愈伤组织的球形区域可以被认为是随后芽发育的第一个形态学标志。PT 的切片显示出一些细胞的规则排列，特别是在表面，与 PT 之外的 OC 区域形成对比。OC 的细胞具有叶绿体；然而，只有在 PT 的质体中才观察到淀粉粒。转录组数据揭示了每种样品的独特基因表达：OC、PT 和可见芽的 PT（PT-SH）。参与脂质（甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶 5 [GPAT5]）、碳水化合物（颗粒结合淀粉合成酶 1 [GBSS1]）和次生代谢物（β-葡萄糖苷酶 45 [BGL45]）途径的基因在 PT 和 PT-SH 中表达较高，可作为这些结构的标记。在 PT-SH 中发现了 TOR（RAPTOR1）调节相关蛋白的上调。在两年生再生植株叶片中， actinidain 基因的表达最高，表明该蛋白的合成发生在完全发育的器官中。研究结果表明，PT 和 PT-SH 是 OC 内的特定结构，但与器官相比，它们与愈伤组织组织有更多的共同特征。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/a62f90c496bc/299_2021_2661_Fig8_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/9b5007f9096c/299_2021_2661_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/0fafd3625a2d/299_2021_2661_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/b75d768557e8/299_2021_2661_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/a62f90c496bc/299_2021_2661_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/5d0427bd0d8a/299_2021_2661_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/d7cbb898fad4/299_2021_2661_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/bd63939e7856/299_2021_2661_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/05cb4c4fc7e7/299_2021_2661_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/9b5007f9096c/299_2021_2661_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/0fafd3625a2d/299_2021_2661_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/b75d768557e8/299_2021_2661_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e337/7954764/a62f90c496bc/299_2021_2661_Fig8_HTML.jpg

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