Biology Department, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, USA.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Feb 5;37(3):38. doi: 10.1007/s11274-021-03004-7.
Oxidative stress can have lethal consequences if organisms do not respond and remediate the damage to DNA, proteins and lipids. Bacterial species respond to oxidative stress by activating transcriptional profiles that include biochemical functions to reduce oxidized cellular components, regenerate pools of reducing molecules, and detoxify harmful metabolites. Interestingly, the general stress response in Gram positive bacteria controlled by SigB is induced by oxidative stress from reactive oxygen and electrophilic species. The upregulation of SigB regulated genes during exposure to electrophilic and oxidative compounds suggests SigB contributes directly to the adaptations required for oxidative stress survival. A subset of the functions of SigB regulated genes can be categorized with antioxidant biochemical activities, such as redoxins, reductases and dehydrogenases, including regulation of low molecular weight thiols, yet their exact cellular role is not fully understood. Here, we present an overview of the predicted antioxidant biochemical functions regulated by SigB, with potential for biomedical research given the prevalence of oxidative stress during bacterial infection, as well as during industrial applications of large-scale production of compounds by microbes.
如果生物体不能对 DNA、蛋白质和脂质的损伤做出反应并加以修复，氧化应激可能会产生致命后果。细菌通过激活转录谱来应对氧化应激，这些转录谱包括生化功能，以减少氧化的细胞成分、再生还原分子库，并解毒有害代谢物。有趣的是，革兰氏阳性菌的一般应激反应由 SigB 控制，由活性氧和亲电物质引起的氧化应激诱导。在暴露于亲电和氧化化合物期间 SigB 调节基因的上调表明 SigB 直接有助于适应氧化应激生存所需的功能。SigB 调节基因的一部分功能可以归类为抗氧化生物化学活性，如氧化还原酶、还原酶和脱氢酶，包括对低分子量巯基的调节，但它们的确切细胞作用尚未完全了解。在这里，我们介绍了 SigB 调节的预测抗氧化生物化学功能概述，鉴于细菌感染期间以及微生物大规模生产化合物的工业应用期间氧化应激的普遍性，这具有潜在的生物医学研究意义。
