Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Nutrients. 2021 Feb 3;13(2):493. doi: 10.3390/nu13020493.
School Lunch programs are a common strategy to address social inequalities in food access among children, especially food insecurity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary intake and lifestyle habits of children aged 10-12 years enrolled in the School Lunch Program in Greece. A cross-sectional survey of fifth and sixth grade students, School Lunch recipients (n = 609) and control subjects (n = 736), collected data on sociodemographic, nutritional and lifestyle habits via self-reported questionnaires during May-October 2019. Despite enrollment in the School Lunch Program children in this group reported consuming less meals during the day (3.47 ± 1.38 vs. 3.65 ± 1.35, = 0.002). No differences were seen in intakes of energy and macronutrients, however School Lunch recipients reported lower intakes of cereals/potatoes and legumes but higher fruit intake (2.32 ± 1.59 vs. 1.97 ± 1.72, < 0.05). School Lunch recipients reported 42min/d and 28min/d higher screen-time during weekdays and weekends, respectively. Linear regression highlighted that dietary quality was not associated with School Lunch enrollment but rather sleep duration and screen time had a stronger influence on dietary habits. Enrollment in a School Lunch Program was linked to sustained differences in sedentary lifestyle habits but less so in dietary habits.
学校午餐计划是解决儿童食物获取方面社会不平等问题的一种常见策略，尤其是在解决食物无保障问题方面。本研究旨在评估希腊学校午餐计划中 10-12 岁儿童的饮食摄入和生活方式习惯。在 2019 年 5 月至 10 月期间，通过自我报告问卷对五年级和六年级的学生（学校午餐接受者（n=609）和对照组（n=736））进行了一项横断面调查，收集了社会人口统计学、营养和生活方式习惯方面的数据。尽管参加了学校午餐计划，但该组儿童报告称白天用餐次数较少（3.47 ± 1.38 与 3.65 ± 1.35， = 0.002）。尽管在能量和宏量营养素的摄入量方面没有差异，但学校午餐接受者报告说摄入的谷物/土豆和豆类较少，但水果摄入量较高（2.32 ± 1.59 与 1.97 ± 1.72， < 0.05）。学校午餐接受者报告称，在工作日和周末，屏幕时间分别增加了 42 分钟/天和 28 分钟/天。线性回归强调，饮食质量与学校午餐参与率无关，而睡眠时间和屏幕时间对饮食习惯的影响更大。参加学校午餐计划与持续的久坐生活方式习惯差异有关，但与饮食习惯的差异较小。
