Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome.
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Mar 10;31(3):814-826. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.11.015. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Low potassium intake, in addition to high sodium, has been associated with higher risk of hypertension and CVD. The Study assessed habitual potassium intake and sodium/potassium ratio of the Italian adult population from 2008 to 2012 to 2018-2019 based on 24-h urine collection, in the framework of the CUORE Project/MINISAL-GIRCSI/MENO SALE PIU' SALUTE national surveys.
Data were from cross-sectional surveys of randomly selected age-and-sex stratified samples of resident persons aged 35-74 years in 10 (out of 20) Italian regions. Urinary electrolyte and creatinine measurements were performed in a central laboratory. Analyses considered 942 men and 916 women, examined in 2008-2012, and 967 men and 1010 women, examined in 2018-2019. In 2008-2012, the age-standardized mean of potassium intake (urinary potassium accounts for 70% of potassium intake) was 3147 mg (95% CI 3086-3208) in men and 2784 mg (2727-2841) in women, whereas in 2018-2019, it was 3043 mg (2968-3118) and 2561 mg (2508-2614) respectively. In 2008-2012, age-adjusted prevalence of persons with an adequate potassium intake (i.e. ≥ 3510 mg/day) was 31% (95% CI 28-34%) for men and 18% (16-21%) for women; in 2018-2019, it was 26% (23-29%) and 12% (10-14%) respectively. The sodium/potassium ratio significantly decreased both in men and women.
The average daily potassium intake of the Italian general adult population remains lower than the WHO and EFSA recommended level. These results suggest the need of a revision to strengthen initiatives for the promotion of an adequate potassium intake at the population level.
低钾摄入，加上高钠，与高血压和心血管疾病风险增加有关。该研究基于 24 小时尿液收集，评估了 2008 年至 2012 年和 2018-2019 年意大利成年人口的习惯性钾摄入和钠/钾比，该研究是在 CUORE 项目/MINISAL-GIRCSI/MENO SALE PIU' SALUTE 国家调查框架内进行的。
数据来自于意大利 20 个地区中随机选择的年龄和性别分层样本的居民的横断面调查。尿液电解质和肌酐测量在中央实验室进行。分析考虑了 942 名男性和 916 名女性，分别于 2008-2012 年和 967 名男性和 1010 名女性，于 2018-2019 年进行了检查。在 2008-2012 年，男性的钾摄入量（尿钾占钾摄入量的 70%）标准化平均年龄为 3147mg（95%CI 3086-3208），女性为 2784mg（2727-2841），而在 2018-2019 年，分别为 3043mg（2968-3118）和 2561mg（2508-2614）。在 2008-2012 年，调整年龄后，钾摄入量充足（即≥3510mg/天）的人群中，男性为 31%（95%CI 28-34%），女性为 18%（16-21%）；在 2018-2019 年，这一比例分别为 26%（23-29%）和 12%（10-14%）。男性和女性的钠/钾比值均显著降低。
意大利普通成年人口的平均日钾摄入量仍低于世界卫生组织和欧洲食品安全局的推荐水平。这些结果表明，需要修订这些建议，以加强在人群中促进充足钾摄入的举措。
