Donfrancesco Chiara, Buttari Brigitta, Marcozzi Benedetta, Sieri Sabina, Di Lonardo Anna, Lo Noce Cinzia, Profumo Elisabetta, Vespasiano Francesca, Agnoli Claudia, Vannucchi Serena, Silano Marco, Galeone Daniela, Bellisario Paolo, Vaia Francesco, Palmieri Luigi
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Feb 15;12(4):475. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12040475.
Tobacco consumption, incorrect nutrition and insufficient physical activity/sedentariness represent modifiable NCDs risk factors in Western countries. To evaluate recent lifestyle indicators in Italy, data from the national Health Examination Survey (HES), implemented in 2018-2019 within the CUORE Project, were assessed.
Age-sex standardized results from random samples of Italian general population (35-74 years) were reported by sex, age-class, educational level and geographical area. From 2106 participants, 2090 were considered for smoking habit, 2016 for physical activity and 1578 for nutrition. Standardized questionnaires were used for smoking habit and physical activity, and the EPIC questionnaire for nutrition.
Total cigarette current smokers were 23% in men and 19% in women; sedentariness during leisure time was 34% in men and 45% in women and at work 45% and 47% in men and women, respectively. Prevalence of balanced eating behaviours for vegetables was 28% in men and 39% in women; and for fruits 50% and 52%, respectively; prevalence of correct lifestyle (not smoker, regular physical activity and following at least five correct eating behaviours) was 7% and 12% for men and women, respectively.
In 2018-2019, levels of unhealthy lifestyles were found to be still epidemic and basically stable compared to 10 years earlier (slight smoking habit decrease, slight sedentariness increase and slight nutrition improvements); intersectoral strategies and monitoring need to be continued.
在西方国家，烟草消费、不合理的营养摄入以及缺乏体育锻炼/久坐不动是可改变的非传染性疾病风险因素。为了评估意大利近期的生活方式指标，我们对2018 - 2019年在CUORE项目中开展的全国健康检查调查（HES）的数据进行了评估。
按性别、年龄组、教育水平和地理区域报告了意大利普通人群（35 - 74岁）随机样本的年龄 - 性别标准化结果。在2106名参与者中，2090人被纳入吸烟习惯调查，2016人被纳入体育锻炼调查，1578人被纳入营养调查。吸烟习惯和体育锻炼采用标准化问卷，营养调查采用EPIC问卷。
当前男性总吸烟率为23%，女性为19%；男性休闲时间久坐率为34%，女性为45%；工作时男性久坐率为45%，女性为47%。蔬菜均衡饮食行为的患病率男性为28%，女性为39%；水果的患病率分别为50%和52%；正确生活方式（不吸烟、定期体育锻炼且至少遵循五种正确饮食行为）的患病率男性为7%，女性为12%。
2018 - 2019年，不健康生活方式的水平仍呈流行态势，与10年前相比基本稳定（吸烟习惯略有下降，久坐率略有上升，营养状况略有改善）；需要继续实施跨部门策略并进行监测。
