Hirsch Emily, Davis Kaley, Cao Zihuan, Roy Amy Krain
Psychology Department, Fordham University, 441 East Fordham Road, Dealy Hall, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2022 Apr;53(2):317-329. doi: 10.1007/s10578-021-01126-5. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
Pediatric irritability can be highly impairing and is implicated in adverse outcomes. The phasic component, characterized by temper outbursts, is a frequent impetus to seek treatment. This study tested whether a previously described anger-distress model of tantrums applies to an outpatient sample of school-age children with clinically impairing temper outbursts (TO; 5.0-9.9 years; N = 86), and examined the clinical relevance of resulting factors through associations with measures of psychopathology, and differences between children with TO and two groups without: children with ADHD (n = 60) and healthy controls (n = 45). Factor analyses established a three-factor model: High Anger, Low Anger, Distress. These factors had unique associations with measures of irritability, externalizing problems, and internalizing problems in the TO group. Additionally, an interaction between groups and outburst factors emerged. Results provide evidence for the presence and clinical utility of the anger-distress model in children's outbursts and suggest avenues for future pediatric irritability research.
儿童易怒可能会造成严重损害，并与不良后果相关。以发脾气为特征的阶段性成分是寻求治疗的常见诱因。本研究测试了先前描述的发脾气的愤怒-痛苦模型是否适用于患有临床损害性发脾气（TO；5.0 - 9.9岁；N = 86）的学龄儿童门诊样本，并通过与精神病理学测量指标的关联以及TO儿童与另外两组儿童（患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童（n = 60）和健康对照组（n = 45））之间的差异来检验所得因素的临床相关性。因子分析建立了一个三因素模型：高愤怒、低愤怒、痛苦。这些因素与TO组中易怒、外化问题和内化问题的测量指标有独特的关联。此外，还出现了组间与爆发因素之间的相互作用。研究结果为愤怒-痛苦模型在儿童发脾气中的存在及其临床效用提供了证据，并为未来儿童易怒研究指明了方向。
