Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2024 Jan;52(1):35-50. doi: 10.1007/s10802-023-01087-4. Epub 2023 Jul 5.
Problems with sleep, emotion regulation, and externalizing psychopathology are interrelated, but little is known about their day-to-day associations in youth. We examined self-reported daily sleep quality as a bidirectional predictor of next-day positive and negative affect (PA/NA), with externalizing symptoms as a moderator. Data were drawn from an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study involving 82 youths (ages 9-13; 50% female; 44% White, 37% Black/African American) at high (n = 41) or low (n = 41) familial risk for psychopathology. Parents rated youths' externalizing symptoms at baseline. Youths then completed a 9-day EMA protocol, reporting sleep quality 1x/day and affect 4-8x/day. Daily means, peaks, and variability in PA and NA were computed. Multilevel models examined bidirectional associations between sleep and affect (between- and within-person), testing externalizing symptoms as a moderator and controlling for age and sex. In models of sleep predicting affect: Within-person, poorer-than-usual sleep quality predicted greater variability and higher peaks in next-day NA, but only for youth with higher levels of externalizing symptoms. Between-person, poor sleep quality and higher levels of externalizing symptoms predicted lower mean and peak PA. In models of affect predicting sleep: Within-person, lower-than-usual mean PA predicted poorer subsequent sleep quality, but only for youth with higher levels of externalizing symptoms. Between-person, youths with higher mean and peak PA had better sleep quality. These findings suggest that affective functioning is bidirectionally linked to daily self-reported sleep quality among high- and low-risk youth. Specific disturbances in daily sleep-affect cycles may be distinctly associated with externalizing psychopathology.
睡眠问题、情绪调节和外化性精神病理学相互关联，但对于它们在年轻人中的日常关联知之甚少。我们考察了自我报告的每日睡眠质量作为次日积极和消极情绪（PA/NA）的双向预测指标，其中外化症状作为一个调节变量。数据来自一项生态瞬时评估（EMA）研究，涉及 82 名青少年（年龄 9-13 岁；50%为女性；44%为白人，37%为黑人和非裔美国人），他们处于高（n=41）或低（n=41）精神病理学家族风险中。父母在基线时评估了青少年的外化症状。然后，青少年完成了为期 9 天的 EMA 协议，每天报告一次睡眠质量，每天报告 4-8 次情绪。计算 PA 和 NA 的每日平均值、峰值和变异性。多层模型检验了睡眠和情绪之间的双向关联（个体内和个体间），检验了外化症状作为一个调节变量，并控制了年龄和性别。在睡眠预测情绪的模型中：个体内，睡眠质量差于平常预测次日 NA 的变异性和峰值增加，仅在外化症状水平较高的青少年中如此。个体间，睡眠质量差和外化症状水平较高预测 PA 的平均和峰值较低。在情绪预测睡眠的模型中：个体内，PA 平均水平低于平常预测随后的睡眠质量较差，但仅在外化症状水平较高的青少年中如此。个体间，PA 的平均和峰值较高的青少年睡眠质量较好。这些发现表明，情感功能与高风险和低风险青少年的日常自我报告睡眠质量呈双向关联。日常睡眠-情绪循环中的特定障碍可能与外化性精神病理学有明显的关联。
