Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Vet Parasitol. 2021 Feb;290:109370. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109370. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a zoonotic apicomplexan protozoan that can cause reproductive losses in ruminants across the world. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the worldwide prevalence of T. gondii infection in the aborted fetuses and stillbirths of sheep, goat, and cattle. Moreover, it attempted to evaluate the prevalence rate of T. gondii infection in ruminants that had abortions using serological methods. Based on the keywords, a systematic search of six databases was conducted to retrieve cross-sectional articles in English-language. Data were synthesized to calculate the overall prevalence of T. gondii infection worldwide using the random-effects model with a 95 % confidence interval (CI). Moreover, the present study includes sensitivity analysis, publication bias test, and quality assessment of the studies. The final analyses included 37, 19, and 8 studies conducted on sheep (4383 aborted fetuses and stillbirths as well as 1940 abortive sheep), goat (248 aborted fetuses and stillbirths and 533 abortive goats), and cattle (460 aborted fetuses and stillbirths and 165 abortive cattle). The overall prevalence rates of T. gondii infection in aborted fetuses and stillbirths globally were 42 % (95 % CI: 17 %-67 %), and 31 % (95 % CI: 11 %-51 %) using molecular methods for sheep and goats, as well as 16 % (95 % CI: 11 %-22 %) and 27 % (95 % CI: 1 %-54 %) using serological tests for sheep and goats, respectively. In addition, the overall prevalence rates of T. gondii infection in sheep and goats that had abortions were 56 % (95 % CI: 35 %-76 %) and 50 % (95 % CI: 6 %-94 %), respectively. These analyses could not be performed in cattle due to the small number of studies and the small number of animals under study. According to the high prevalence of T. gondii infection in sheep and goats that had an abortion, T. gondii could be a potential factor of causing reproductive failures in ruminants worldwide. So, effective control measures and strategies are needed to reduce the rate of abortion in sheep and goats as well as reduce the economic damage to the livestock industry.
刚地弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）是一种动物源顶复门原虫，可导致全世界反刍动物的繁殖损失。因此，进行了一项荟萃分析，以估计绵羊、山羊和牛流产胎儿和死胎中弓形虫感染的全球患病率。此外，还试图评估使用血清学方法对流产反刍动物弓形虫感染的患病率。根据关键词，系统地在六个英文数据库中进行了检索，以检索横断面文章。使用随机效应模型和 95%置信区间（CI）汇总数据来计算全球弓形虫感染的总体患病率。此外，本研究还包括敏感性分析、发表偏倚检验和研究质量评估。最终分析包括 37 项、19 项和 8 项针对绵羊（4383 例流产胎儿和死胎以及 1940 例流产绵羊）、山羊（248 例流产胎儿和死胎以及 533 例流产山羊）和牛（460 例流产胎儿和死胎以及 165 例流产牛）的研究。全球流产胎儿和死胎中弓形虫感染的总体患病率分别为 42%（95%CI：17%-67%），使用分子方法检测绵羊和山羊分别为 31%（95%CI：11%-51%），使用血清学方法检测绵羊和山羊分别为 16%（95%CI：11%-22%）和 27%（95%CI：1%-54%）。此外，流产绵羊和山羊中弓形虫感染的总体患病率分别为 56%（95%CI：35%-76%）和 50%（95%CI：6%-94%）。由于研究数量少且研究动物数量少，因此无法在牛中进行这些分析。根据流产绵羊和山羊弓形虫感染的高患病率，弓形虫可能是导致全世界反刍动物繁殖失败的潜在因素。因此，需要采取有效的控制措施和策略，以降低绵羊和山羊的流产率，并减少畜牧业的经济损失。
