Anisimov V N, Redko A A, Finagentov A V, Khavinson V K, Shabrov A V
N.N.Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 68 Leningradskaya str., Pesochnyi, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation, e-mail:
Public Organization «Saint Petersburg Professional Association of Medical Workers», 52 str. Bolshaya Morskaya, St. Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation, e-mail:
Adv Gerontol. 2020;33(5):809-824.
The article examines the challenges of creating a system of integrated health and social care for elderly people (the System) in Russia, these challenges being of particular significance in the light of the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life and mental and general health of elderly people, which need to be mitigated with due consideration of the dynamics of progression of age-associated chronic diseases of elderly people. The article describes the structure of the System, and the conditions and background of its establishment. It also looks at the components of system-based support of improvement of quality of life of elderly people. The article argues that it is essential to use the positive and negative experiences of different regions, to implement the practical and scientific expertise in the field of gerontology and geriatrics made so far in Russia, and to establish a meaningful and equal partnership among the state, research organizations, communities of professionals and non-public organizations. The authors suggest to look on Saint-Petersburg as a model region when establishing the System. The article contains a list of the major projects and events in the city from 2012 to 2020 aimed to provide system-based support for integrated health and social care for elderly people, not affiliated with any federal programs. Unbiased evaluation of the experience and expertise of Saint-Petersburg and other regions of Russia will allow to use them when establishing similar systems in other Russia's regions that do not possess sufficient resources. The authors suggest to establish the System in a step-wise manner at the federal district level. For example, a pilot project may be launched in the North-Western Federal District using the experience and expertise of Saint-Petersburg.
本文探讨了俄罗斯为老年人创建综合健康与社会护理体系（该体系）所面临的挑战，鉴于新冠疫情对老年人生活质量、心理和整体健康产生的负面影响，这些挑战尤为重要，需要在充分考虑老年人与年龄相关的慢性病发展动态的情况下加以缓解。文章描述了该体系的结构及其建立的条件和背景。它还审视了基于该体系支持改善老年人生活质量的组成部分。文章认为，必须借鉴不同地区的正反两方面经验，运用俄罗斯迄今在老年医学和老年病学领域取得的实践和科学专业知识，并在国家、研究机构、专业人士团体和非政府组织之间建立有意义且平等的伙伴关系。作者建议在建立该体系时将圣彼得堡视为一个模范地区。文章列出了2012年至2020年该市旨在为老年人提供基于体系的综合健康与社会护理支持的主要项目和活动清单，这些项目和活动与任何联邦项目均无关联。对圣彼得堡和俄罗斯其他地区的经验和专业知识进行公正评估，将有助于在俄罗斯其他资源不足的地区建立类似体系时加以借鉴。作者建议在联邦区层面逐步建立该体系。例如，可以利用圣彼得堡的经验和专业知识在西北联邦区启动一个试点项目。
