School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Delhi-Jalandhar Highway. Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Delhi-Jalandhar Highway Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2021;22(5):376-395. doi: 10.2174/1389203722666210125122827.
Being sessile organisms, plants are persistently confronted by a diverse array of biotic agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, herbivores, and nematodes. Understanding the mechanism of host-pathogen interactions is essential for improving plant resistance against these biotic factors. In this review, we have discussed various means and mechanisms by which pathogens influence the host plant defense. A virulent pathogen can reduce the growth and development of a plant, which eventually lowers its yield by multiple processes, like enhancement in cell death, as well as modification of plant architecture. This review also explains the various strategies used by plants to control pathogen-caused diseases. These mainly include either resistance or tolerance by activating cell signaling pathways, which further regulate the synthesis and accumulation of several cellular products, such as phytohormones, enzymes, proteins, and secondary metabolites. To minimize the influence of infection on their vigor, plants also exhibit immunity regardless of the amount of pathogen multiplication. The current review provides an important insight into the mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction, which is very significant for efficient disease management.
作为固着生物，植物持续面临着多种多样的生物因素，包括病毒、细菌、真菌、草食动物和线虫。了解宿主-病原体相互作用的机制对于提高植物对这些生物因素的抗性至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了病原体影响宿主植物防御的各种方式和机制。一个毒性病原体可以降低植物的生长和发育，最终通过多种过程降低其产量，如增强细胞死亡以及改变植物结构。这篇综述还解释了植物用于控制由病原体引起的疾病的各种策略。这些策略主要包括通过激活细胞信号通路来抵抗或耐受，这进一步调节多种细胞产物如植物激素、酶、蛋白质和次生代谢物的合成和积累。为了最小化感染对其活力的影响，植物也表现出免疫力，而不管病原体繁殖的数量如何。本综述为宿主-病原体相互作用的机制提供了重要的见解，对有效的疾病管理非常重要。
