Gautam Alok Sagar, Kumar Sanjeev, Gautam Sneha, Anand Aryan, Kumar Ranjit, Joshi Abhishek, Bauddh Kuldeep, Singh Karan
Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand 246174 India.
Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641114 India.
Asia Pac J Atmos Sci. 2021;57(4):741-756. doi: 10.1007/s13143-021-00232-7. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
The present paper designed to understand the variations in the atmospheric pollutants viz. PM, PM, SO, NO, and CO during the COVID-19 pandemic over eight most polluted Indian cities (Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Chandigarh, Kolkata, and Ahmedabad). A significant reduction in the PM (63%), PM (56%), NO (50%), SO (9%), and CO (59%) were observed over Major Dhyan Chand Stadium. At Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, a decline of 44% in PM and 50% in PM was seen just a week during the initial phase of the lockdown. Gaseous pollutants (NO, SO & CO) dropped up-to 36, 16, and 41%, respectively. The Air Quality Index (AQI) shows a dramatic change from 7% to 67% during observation at Chandigarh and Ballygunge during the inspection. Whereas, Ahmedabad, Worli, Income Tax Office, Talkatora, Lalbagh, and Ballygaunge have showed a significant change in AQI from 25.76% to 68.55%. However, Zoo Park, CST, Central School, and Victoria show relatively low variation in AQI in the range of 3.0% to 14.50% as compare to 2019 after lockdown. Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) analysis suggested that long range transportation of pollutants were also a part and parcel contributing to changes in AQI which were majorly coming from the regions of Iran, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, as well as a regional grant from Indian Gangatic plains and Delhi Non-capital region.
本文旨在了解新冠疫情期间印度污染最严重的八个城市（孟买、德里、班加罗尔、海得拉巴、勒克瑙、昌迪加尔、加尔各答和艾哈迈达巴德）大气污染物（即颗粒物、细颗粒物、二氧化硫、氮氧化物和一氧化碳）的变化情况。在贾扬·钱德拉体育场，观察到颗粒物（减少63%）、细颗粒物（减少56%）、氮氧化物（减少50%）、二氧化硫（减少9%）和一氧化碳（减少59%）显著下降。在封锁初期的一周内，查塔拉帕特·希瓦吉国际机场的颗粒物下降了44%，细颗粒物下降了50%。气态污染物（氮氧化物、二氧化硫和一氧化碳）分别下降了36%、16%和41%。空气质量指数（AQI）在昌迪加尔和巴利冈杰观测期间从7%急剧变化到67%。而艾哈迈达巴德、沃利、所得税办公室、Talkatora、拉尔巴格和巴利冈杰的AQI变化显著，从25.76%到68.55%。然而，与2019年封锁后相比，动物园公园、CST、中央学校和维多利亚的AQI变化相对较小，在3.0%至14.50%的范围内。混合单粒子拉格朗日积分轨迹（HYSPLIT）分析表明，污染物的长距离传输也是导致AQI变化的一个重要因素，这些污染物主要来自伊朗、阿富汗、沙特阿拉伯地区，以及印度恒河平原和德里非首都地区的区域排放。
