Tuli Hardeep Singh, Sood Shivani, Kaur Jagjit, Kumar Pawan, Seth Prachi, Punia Sandeep, Yadav Priya, Sharma Anil Kumar, Aggarwal Diwakar, Sak Katrin
Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed To Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207 India.
Department of Biotechnology, Mukand Lal National College, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana India.
3 Biotech. 2021 Feb;11(2):110. doi: 10.1007/s13205-021-02644-8. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been established now to be a deadly disease afflicting the whole world with worst consequences on healthcare, economy and day-to-day life activities. Being a communicable disease, which is highly pathogenic in humans, causing cough, throat infection, breathing problems, high fever, muscle pain, and may lead to death in some cases especially those having other comorbid conditions such as heart or kidney problems, and diabetes. Finding an appropriate drug and vaccine candidate against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains an ultimate and immediate goal for the global scientific community. Based on previous studies in the literature on SARS-CoV infection, there are a number of drugs that may inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and its infection. Such drugs comprise of inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2), nonstructural protein 3C-like protease, nonstructural RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and many more. The antiviral drugs such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir and ritonavir as inhibitors for HIV protease, nucleotide analogue remdesivir, and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are available to treat the SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Therefore, this review article is planned to gain insight into the mechanism for blocking the entry of SARS-CoV-2, its validation, other inhibition mechanisms, and development of therapeutic drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）现已被确认为一种致命疾病，正在全球肆虐，对医疗保健、经济和日常生活活动造成了极其严重的后果。作为一种传染病，它在人类中具有高致病性，会引发咳嗽、咽喉感染、呼吸问题、高烧、肌肉疼痛，在某些情况下可能导致死亡，尤其是那些患有其他合并症的患者，如心脏或肾脏问题以及糖尿病患者。寻找针对冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的合适药物和疫苗候选物仍然是全球科学界的首要和紧迫目标。基于以往文献中关于SARS-CoV感染的研究，有多种药物可能抑制SARS-CoV-2的复制及其感染。这类药物包括血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）抑制剂、跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2（TMPRSS2）抑制剂、非结构蛋白3C样蛋白酶抑制剂、非结构RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶（RdRp）抑制剂等等。抗病毒药物如氯喹和羟氯喹、洛匹那韦和利托那韦（作为HIV蛋白酶抑制剂）、核苷酸类似物瑞德西韦以及广谱抗病毒药物可用于治疗SARS-CoV-2感染患者。因此，本综述文章旨在深入了解阻止SARS-CoV-2进入的机制、其验证方法、其他抑制机制以及针对SARS-CoV-2的治疗药物和疫苗的研发情况。
