Hosseini-Zare Maryam S, Thilagavathi Ramasamy, Selvam Chelliah
Department of Pharmaceutical and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University Houston TX-77004 USA
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Coimbatore India.
RSC Adv. 2020 Jul 29;10(47):28287-28299. doi: 10.1039/d0ra04395h. eCollection 2020 Jul 27.
Coronaviruses, which were discovered in 1968, can lead to some human viral disorders, like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related (MERS), and, recently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The coronavirus that leads to COVID-19 is rapidly spreading all over the world and is the reason for the deaths of thousands of people. Recent research has revealed that there is about 80% sequence homology between the coronaviruses that cause SARS and COVID-19. Considering this fact, we decided to collect the maximum available information on targets, structures, and inhibitors reported so far for SARS-CoV-1 that could be useful for researchers who work on closely related COVID-19. There are vital proteases, like papain-like protease 2 (PL2pro) and 3C-like protease (3CLpro), or main protease (Mpro), that are involved in and are essential for the replication of SARS coronavirus and so are valuable targets for the treatment of patients affected by this type of virus. SARS-CoV-1 NTPase/helicase plays an important role in the release of several non-structural proteins (nsps), so it is another essential target relating to the viral life cycle. In this paper, we provide extensive information about diverse molecules with anti-SARS activity. In addition to traditional medicinal chemistry outcomes, HTS, virtual screening efforts, and structural insights for better understanding inhibitors and SARS-CoV-1 target complexes are also discussed. This study covers a wide range of anti-SARS agents, particularly SARS-CoV-1 inhibitors, and provides new insights into drug design for the deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus.
冠状病毒于1968年被发现，可导致一些人类病毒性疾病，如严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）、中东呼吸综合征（MERS），以及最近的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。导致COVID-19的冠状病毒正在全球迅速传播，是数千人死亡的原因。最近的研究表明，导致SARS的冠状病毒与COVID-19之间存在约80%的序列同源性。考虑到这一事实，我们决定收集迄今为止报道的关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒1型（SARS-CoV-1）的靶点、结构和抑制剂的最大可用信息，这些信息可能对研究密切相关的COVID-19的研究人员有用。有一些重要的蛋白酶，如木瓜样蛋白酶2（PL2pro）和3C样蛋白酶（3CLpro）或主要蛋白酶（Mpro），它们参与SARS冠状病毒的复制并对其至关重要，因此是治疗受此类病毒感染患者的有价值靶点。SARS-CoV-1 NTPase/解旋酶在几种非结构蛋白（nsps）的释放中起重要作用，因此它是与病毒生命周期相关的另一个重要靶点。在本文中，我们提供了关于具有抗SARS活性的各种分子的广泛信息。除了传统的药物化学成果外，还讨论了高通量筛选（HTS）、虚拟筛选工作以及为更好地理解抑制剂和SARS-CoV-1靶点复合物的结构见解。本研究涵盖了广泛的抗SARS药物，特别是SARS-CoV-1抑制剂，并为致命的SARS-CoV-2病毒的药物设计提供了新的见解。
